Acts and Regulations

2004-130 - First Aid

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Document at 17 June 2015
NEW BRUNSWICK
REGULATION 2004-130
under the
Occupational Health and
Safety Act
(O.C. 2004-471)
Filed November 17, 2004
Under section 51 of the Occupational Health and Safety Act, the Lieutenant-Governor in Council makes the following Regulation:
Citation
1This Regulation may be cited as the First Aid Regulation - Occupational Health and Safety Act.
Definitions
2The following definitions apply in this Regulation.
“first aid provider” means a person designated by an employer under subsection 7(1). (secouriste)
“high hazard work” means(travail à risque élevé)
(a) work carried on at a place of employment specified in Schedule A, or
(b) if no place of employment is specified, work identified in Schedule A as high hazard work.
2008-127
Application
3This Regulation does not apply to a place of employment that is a ferry, a train or a vehicle used or likely to be used by an employee.
Employer responsibilities
4(1)Subject to subsections (2) and (3), an employer shall provide and maintain the first aid kits, first aid providers and first aid rooms at a place of employment in accordance with Schedule A for the maximum number of employees present during a shift.
4(2)Subject to subsection (3), where the place of employment is a project site, the contractor shall provide and maintain the first aid kits, first aid providers and first aid rooms as set out in Schedule A for all persons having access to the project site, and the provisions of this Regulation that apply to an employer apply to a contractor at every project site for which the contractor is responsible for the health and safety of persons having access to the project site.
4(3)The requirements set out in this Regulation are minimum requirements, and each employer shall assess the risks that employees are likely to encounter at a place of employment and shall ensure that there are adequate first aid supplies, equipment, services and facilities in place for the provision of first aid, having regard to those risks.
Emergency communication procedure
5(1)An employer shall ensure that an emergency communication procedure is established in order for employees to summon assistance in the event of an illness or accident of an employee.
5(2)The communication procedure shall
(a) be in writing,
(b) describe how to contact assistance,
(c) provide directions to the place of employment and instructions as to how to access the place of employment, and
(d) be posted in a conspicuous place at the place of employment.
5(3)Where the posting of the emergency communication procedure is not practicable, an employer shall ensure that each employee is informed of the contents of the emergency communication procedure.
Emergency transportation
6(1)An employer shall prepare, in writing, a transportation procedure that describes arrangements for the transportation of injured or ill employees from the place of employment to the nearest health care facility.
6(2)Where it is necessary to move an injured or ill employee from an isolated site to another place in order to transfer to an ambulance, an employer shall ensure that the transportation is by a means that
(a) is suitable, considering the distance to be travelled and the types of serious injuries or illnesses that may occur,
(b) affords protection against the weather,
(c) is equipped with a means of two-way voice communication with the emergency medical services to which the injured or ill employee is being transported, and
(d) is of sufficient size and suitability to accommodate a stretcher and accompanying persons where required.
6(3)An employer shall provide a means of communication to summon the transportation in the event of a medical emergency and shall ensure that transportation is readily available in the event of a medical emergency when work is carried out at an isolated site.
6(4)Where an employee is seriously injured or needs to be accompanied during transport, an employer shall ensure that the employee is accompanied by at least one first aid provider who is not the operator of the transportation.
First aid providers
7(1)An employer shall designate one or more employees to act as first aid providers and maintain a record of the names of each employee who is designated as a first aid provider.
7(2)An employer shall post, at a conspicuous place at the place of employment, signs that state the names of first aid providers.
7(3)Where the posting of a sign is not practicable, the employer shall ensure that each employee is informed of the identity of first aid providers.
7(4)An employer shall ensure that an employee who is designated as a first aid provider
(a) does not perform work of a nature likely to affect the employee’s ability to administer first aid, and
(b) has readily available access to disposable latex or vinyl gloves and a face shield with a one-way valve.
First aid training
8(1)An employer shall ensure that each employee who is designated as a first aid provider is trained to the minimum level as set out in subsection (2) and holds a valid certificate issued by an agency referred to in subsection (3) in respect of that training.
8(2)The minimum level of training consists of
(a) the 10 compulsory modules and any 2 of 5 elective modules of the Workplace Standard First Aid Course as set out in Schedule B, and
(b) a minimum of 16 hours of classroom and practical training.
8(3)The first aid training described in this section may be provided by
(a) St. John Ambulance,
(b) Canadian Red Cross Society, or
(c) any other agency that provides first aid training that meets the requirements of subsection (2) and that is approved by the Chief Compliance Officer.
8(4)An agency that provides first aid training that meets the requirements of subsection (2) shall issue a certificate in accordance with subsection (5) to a person who satisfactorily completes the training.
8(5)The certificate shall
(a) be entitled “The First Aid Workplace Certificate”,
(b) be signed and dated by an official of the agency, and
(c) state that the course in respect of which the certificate is issued is the Workplace Standard First Aid Course.
8(6)A certificate issued pursuant to this section is valid for 3 years from the date of issue.
8(7)An employer shall ensure that a first aid provider has a minimum of 6 hours practice on first aid skills each year during which he or she holds a valid certificate.
Report of injury or illness
9An employee shall report an injury or illness to the employer as soon as practicable after the injury or the first signs of the illness.
Record of treatment
10(1)A first aid provider shall prepare a written record that sets out the name of the injured or ill employee, a description of the injury or illness, the treatment and care provided, a description of the incident, the date of occurrence, the name of the person providing emergency care and the date the record was made.
10(2)The record referred to in subsection (1) shall be prepared as soon as practicable after the injured or ill employee has received the emergency care.
10(3)An employer shall ensure that a record referred to in subsection (1) is retained for a period of 5 years after the date on which it has been made.
First aid kits
11An employer shall ensure that each first aid kit required to be provided by the employer is equipped as set out in Schedule C.
First aid room
12(1)An employer who is required to have a first aid room shall provide and equip the first aid room in accordance with subsection (2).
12(2)The requirements for a first aid room are as follows:
(a) has a minimum floor area of 10 m2;
(b) is constructed to permit ease of access to a person on a stretcher;
(c) is located as close as practicable to the work force it is to serve and clearly identified by a sign;
(d) is equipped with a sink supplied with hot and cold running water with easy access to a toilet;
(e) is equipped with the following supplies:
(i) one first aid kit as set out in Schedule A, or as needed, having regard for the particular risks at the place of employment and the number and location of employees;
(ii) a telephone or other effective means of communication along with an up-to-date list of emergency contacts;
(iii) a separate cubicle or a divider with a cot or bed equipped with a moisture-protected mattress, 2 pillows and 2 blankets;
(iv) storage space, a cupboard, a counter, a table and 2 or more chairs.
12(3)An employer shall ensure that a first aid room
(a) is under the supervision of a first aid provider,
(b) is maintained in an orderly and sanitary condition,
(c) has the temperature maintained between 20 degrees Celsius and 24 degrees Celsius, and
(d) is used only for the purposes of providing first aid to employees or providing health care or instruction to employees.
12(4)An employer shall ensure that no person smokes in a first aid room.
Location of first aid kits
13(1)An employer shall ensure that the first aid kits are
(a) conspicuously located at or near the working areas that they are intended to serve,
(b) easily accessible during all working hours, and
(c) maintained in a clean, dry and serviceable condition.
13(2)An employer shall post, at a conspicuous place at the place of employment, signs that indicate the location of first aid kits.
13(3)Where the posting of a sign is not practicable, an employer shall ensure that each employee is informed of the location of first aid kits.
Transition
14An employee who, immediately before the commencement of this section, holds a valid certificate issued by St. John Ambulance or Canadian Red Cross for the standard first aid level or the advanced first aid level and is designated under section 12(6) of New Brunswick Regulation 91-191 under the Occupational Health and Safety Act shall be deemed to have been designated by his or her employer under this Regulation, until the designation is withdrawn by the employer, the certificate expires or the employee no longer works for that employer, whichever occurs first.
Repeal
15(1)The heading “First Aid” preceding section 12 of New Brunswick Regulation 91-191 under the Occupational Health and Safety Act is repealed.
15(2)Sections 12 and 13 of the Regulation are repealed.
Commencement
16This Regulation comes into force on January 1, 2005.
SCHEDULE A
FIRST AID REQUIREMENTS
Number of employees per shift
 
Place of employment with no high hazard work
Place of employment with high hazard work
1
Personal (Type P) first aid kit
2 - 19
1 first aid kit
 
1 first aid provider
1 first aid kit
 
1 first aid provider
20 - 49
1 first aid kit
 
 
1 first aid provider
2 first aid kits
 
 
2 first aid providers
50 - 99
2 first aid kits
 
 
2 first aid providers
2 first aid kits
 
 
2 first aid providers
100 - 199
2 first aid kits
 
 
2 first aid providers, one of whom must have access to the first aid room
 
1 first aid room
3 first aid kits
 
 
3 first aid providers, one of whom must have access to the first aid room
 
1 first aid room
200 or more
3 first aid kits
 
 
3 first aid providers, one of whom must have access to the first aid room
 
1 additional first aid provider and
1 additional first aid kit for each additional increment of 1-100 employees
 
1 first aid room
4 first aid kits
 
 
4 first aid providers, one of whom must have access to the first aid room
 
1 additional first aid provider and
1 additional first aid kit for each additional increment of 1-100 employees
 
1 first aid room
Work carried on at a place of employment specified below or, if no place of employment is specified, the work described below, constitutes high hazard work:
(a) working at project site or mine;
(b) working underground, in confined spaces or in isolated areas where emergency medical help is not in close proximity to the work area;
(c) working on electrical transmission, generation or distribution systems;
(d) working at foundries or machine shops;
(e) working at gas, oil or chemical processing plants, steel or other base metal processing plants;
(f) working at woodland operations, sawmills or lumber processing plants;
(g) working at brewery or beverage processing plants, meat packing or processing plants;
(h) working with explosives or heavy equipment.
SCHEDULE B
WORKPLACE STANDARD FIRST AID COURSE
REQUIRED MODULES
1.Emergency Scene Management Content
*    explanation of first aid care
The emergency help given to an unconscious or conscious injured or ill person to preserve life, to prevent further injury and promote recovery.
*    role of a first aid attendant
Provide safe and prompt emergency care to casualties based on their level of knowledge and skill. Determine the mechanism of injury, assesses responsiveness and seeks medical help.
*    legal issues
Understand the principle of the Good Samaritan. The first aid attendant is aware of the legal considerations such as consent, reasonable skill and care and negligence.
*    anti-contamination procedures
Know what equipment, safety measures, universal precautions and techniques are used to minimize infection to both the casualty and the first aid attendant.
*    emergency scene system
The process of efficiently assessing and communicating the need for medical care. Managing the scene until medical help arrives.
*    primary and secondary surveys
Primary survey focuses on assessing and maintaining the casualty’s airway, breathing and circulation (ABC). If required, a secondary survey includes obtaining a history of the casualty using the SAMPLE method, vital signs, a head to toe examination and first aid for injuries or illnesses that at not life-threatening.
*    rescue moves
Safe positioning methods to maintain an open airway, prevent shock and prevent further harm to the casualty.
2.Shock, Unconsciousness and Fainting Content
*    definition of terms
Understand why the circulation system fails and awareness of the various types of shock.
*    signs and symptoms of shock, unconsciousness and
fainting
Describe the physical, physiological and psychological changes that occur with a person in shock. Differentiate the various levels of consciousness. Comprehend the reasons for fainting.
*    treatment
Knowledge of how to assess for shock, unconsciousness and fainting. Use of first aid techniques to minimize shock.
*    positioning and ongoing care
Illustrate treatment and positioning for shock. The continual first aid responsibilities to the casualty until medical help takes over.
3.Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation and Choking
*    anatomy and physiology of the respiratory and
circulatory systems
The basic knowledge of the respiratory and circulation systems.
*    causes of angina, heart attack, stroke and choking
The risk factors and preventive health measures of cardiovascular disease and choking.
*    signs and symptoms of angina, heart attack, stroke
and choking
Identify breathing complications and pain associated with angina, heart attack and stroke. List the signs and symptoms of angina, heart attack, choking, stroke and a transient ischemic attack.
*    treatment of angina, heart attack, stroke and
choking
Perform correct artificial respiration and chest compression methods on adult casualties with different injuries or illnesses such as cardiac arrest and choking emergencies.
*    use of airway assistive devices
Correct use of a face shield with a one-way valve.
4.Treatment of Wounds Content
*    various types of bandages and dressings
Standard and unique application methods of triangular, roller, tubular bandages and slings. Common bandages found in first aid kits for major and minor wounds.
*    various techniques
Bandaging techniques for minor and severe wounds of extremities, head and torso. Knowledge of special dressing techniques for injuries, such as amputations. Improvisation when first aid supplies are not available.
 
*    applying bandages and dressings (practice session)
Practical experience to develop skills of applying a variety of dressings.
5.Soft Tissue Injuries Content
*    anatomy and physiology of soft tissue
Understand the purpose of skin and muscle function.
*    causes of soft tissue injuries
Describe the cause of wounds and bleeding directly related to the mechanism of injury. Identify reasons for interrupted or inadequate circulation to soft tissue.
*    types of wounds and bleeding (internal and external)
Knowledge of open and closed wounds and the type of bleeding.
*    signs and symptoms of wounds and bleeding
Description of arterial and venous wounds and bleeding. Identify the extent of contusions, bleeding, pain and swelling
*    treatment and ongoing care
Rules for treatment of wounds and bleeding. First aid for abrasions, lacerations, avulsions, amputations, embedded objects, punctures and other soft tissue injuries. Knowledge of the pressure points.
6.Bone, Muscle and Joint Injuries Content
*    anatomy and physiology of bone, muscles and joints
Location, function and normal positioning of bones, muscles and joints.
*    signs and symptoms of bone, muscle and joint
injuries
Recognition of open and closed bone fractures, dislocation of joints and muscular strains.
*    treatment and ongoing care of bone, muscle and
joint injuries
Immobilization techniques using slings and splints for all extremities. Application of rest, ice, compression and elevation (RICE) to appropriate injuries.
7.Chest Injuries Content
*    anatomy and physiology of the chest
The importance of vital organs located in the chest region and their function.
*    causes and types of chest injuries
Knowledge of specific open and closed chest injuries related to the mechanism of injury, such as flail chest and pneumothorax.
*    signs and symptoms
Examination of the chest for ineffective breathing, swelling, bleeding and pain. Recognition of specific abnormal chest movements, such as sucking chest and paradoxical chest movement.
*    treatment and ongoing care
Evaluation and monitoring of a casualty’s breathing. Attention to wounds with specific dressings and positioning.
8.Head and Spinal Injuries Content
*    anatomy and physiology of the head and spine
The five parts of the spinal column, the location and function. The basic head anatomy and physiology.
 
*    causes of head and spinal injuries
The most common mechanisms of injury, such as motor vehicle accidents and severe blows to the head or trunk.
*    signs and symptoms
Description of how to determine head and spinal injuries because they are not always obvious. Rely on history and mechanism of injury for head and spinal injuries. Common signs and symptoms are numbness and inability to move extremities.
*    treatment and ongoing care
Immobilization techniques using hands, cervical collars and spine boards.
9.Burns Content
*    anatomy and physiology of human tissue
Description of the layers of skin and its function in relation to body temperature, fluid and bacteria control.
*    causes and types of burns
Identification of specific soft tissue injuries caused by thermal heat, chemicals, electricity or radiation. Classification of burn severity measured by three degrees of skin depth.
*    signs and symptoms
Distinct signs and symptoms of the three degrees of burns measured by skin color, swelling and pain.
*    treatment and ongoing care
Maintenance of normal body temperature through cooling methods and dressings based on the type and cause of the burn.
10.Eye Injuries Content
*    anatomy and physiology of the eye
The basic eye structures and their function.
*    causes and types of injuries
Explanation of common eye injuries, such as open or closed injuries near the eye, eye penetration or removal from the socket.
*    signs and symptoms
Common signs and symptoms of eye injuries, including discoloration or bleeding around or in the eye, pain or a foreign body in the eye.
*    treatment and ongoing care
Distinct dressing and handling methods, similar to soft tissue injuries, with special care to foreign bodies and stabilization of embedded objects.
ELECTIVE MODULES (any 2 of the following)
1.Lifting principles and casualty movement
*    rationale for moving the casualty
Issues related to movement of a casualty when the location or position of a casualty poses life-threatening hazards to the casualty or first aid attendant, or where first aid cannot be rendered.
*    lifting techniques - description and practice
Proper body mechanics for one or more rescue carry methods. Safe practical skills for a variety of lifting techniques.
*    types of equipment to be used
Demonstration of a variety of commercial equipment or improvised materials commonly used for moving a casualty.
*    safe movement of the casualty using equipment
Practical experience using different methods of moving and transporting a casualty.
2.Medical conditions
*    anatomy and physiology
The basic physiology of the four most common medical conditions.
*    description of diabetes, convulsions, asthma and
allergies
A description of each disease or illness and the reactions commonly experienced by a casualty.
*    causes
Knowledge of the medical conditions and the specific triggers related to acute and long term diseases or illnesses.
*    signs and symptoms
Specific signs and symptoms related to the level of consciousness and sudden onset of illness.
*    treatment and ongoing care
Provision of correct and prompt care of symptoms and prevention of further harm to the casualty while waiting for medical help.
3.Environmental illnesses and injuries
*    description of heat and cold illnesses and injuries
Knowledge of how the body maintains normal body temperature when exposed to heat or cold.
*    causes
Specific causes of heat and cold injuries, such as over exposure of extreme temperatures, poor hydration, inadequate protection and rest while involved in an activity.
*    signs and symptoms
Description of the signs and symptoms of the three stages of hyperthermia and hypothermia.
*    treatment and ongoing care
Management of body temperature by increasing and decreasing heat. Methods of providing shelter from the elements and ongoing care until medical care arrives.
4.Multiple Casualty Management
*    assessing priorities
Definition of the term multiple casualty and the expectations of the first aid provider.
*    administering first aid
The care provided to casualties using the principle of triage.
*    treatment and ongoing care
Knowledge and ability to categorize casualties by assessing and reassessing breathing, circulation and level of consciousness quickly to determine life-threatening conditions and provide first aid care until medical help arrives.
5.Poisons
*    types of poisoning
A portrayal of the four ways poisons enter a body.
*    causes
Identification of poisoning occurrences due to exposure as a result of poor storage, handling, ventilation and clothing. Potential risks of poisoning depend on factors, such as the type and amount of the substance, how it entered and the casualty’s size and weight.
*    signs and symptoms
Recognition of the signs and symptoms of poisoning. Knowledge that poisoning often mimics common sudden illnesses, such as vomiting, abdominal or chest pain and altered level of consciousness.
*    treatment and ongoing care
Provision of immediate and ongoing first aid care based on poison control recommendations.
SCHEDULE C
Contents of personal (Type P) first aid kit
10
sterile adhesive strip bandages individually wrapped (assorted sizes)
5
10 cm × 10 cm sterile gauze pads individually wrapped
1
10 cm × 10 cm sterile compress dressing with ties
5
antiseptic cleansing towelettes individually wrapped
1
triangular bandage, cotton
1
waterproof waste bag
1
pair of disposable gloves (latex or vinyl)
Contents of first aid kit:
1
standard first aid manual (English and French)
1
record book and pen or pencil
1
pair of stainless steel scissors (140 mm)
1
pair of tweezers
1
variety pack of safety pins
24
sterile adhesive strip bandages (size to be determined by nature and hazard of work)
12
sterile gauze pads (various sizes depending on the nature and hazard of work)
2
rolls of sterile gauze bandage (75 mm × 9 m)
2
rolls of elastic bandages (7.5 cm)
4
sterile compress dressings (100 mm × 100 mm)
6
triangular bandages (1 m)
2
rolls of adhesive tape (25 mm × 9 m)
4
burn dressings (various sizes depending on the nature and hazard of work)
6
abdominal dressings individually wrapped (20 cm × 25 cm)
12
antiseptic cleansing towelettes individually wrapped (14 cm × 19 cm)
6
individual packages of sugar
1
container of antiseptic disinfectant for the skin (not iodine)
1
water soluble burn treatment (55 g tube or more)
6
pairs of disposable gloves (latex or vinyl)
1
face shield with a one-way valve (disposable)
1
package of cotton tipped applicators
12
hand wipes or 1 bottle of hand cleaner
1
shock blanket
Several puncture resistant plastic bags
N.B. This Regulation is consolidated to October 24, 2008.