Acts and Regulations

2024, c.1 - Consumer Protection Act

Full text
Current to 7 June 2024
CHAPTER 2024, c.1
Consumer Protection Act
Assented to June 7, 2024
His Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, enacts as follows:
1
DEFINITIONS, INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION
Definitions
1The following definitions apply in this Act.
“Commission” means the Financial and Consumer Services Commission continued under the Financial and Consumer Services Commission Act.(Commission)
“common-law partner” means a person who cohabits in a conjugal relationship with another person if the persons are not married to each other.(conjoint de fait)
“consumer” , except in Part 11, means an individual who participates in a consumer transaction and does not include a person who is supplied or has the right to be supplied goods, services or rewards points for business purposes.(consommateur)
“consumer agreement” means a contract or other agreement between a supplier and a consumer for the supply of goods, services or rewards points to the consumer for personal, family or household purposes. (convention de consommation)
“consumer transaction” means (opération de consommation)
(a) the supply of goods, services or rewards points by a supplier to a consumer for personal, family or household purposes,
(b) a solicitation, offer, advertisement or promotion by a supplier with respect to a transaction referred to in paragraph (a), or
(c) a consumer agreement with respect to a transaction referred to in paragraph (a).
“Court of King’s Bench” means The Court of King’s Bench of New Brunswick and includes a judge of that court.(Cour du Banc du Roi)
“credit agreement” means an agreement under which credit is extended and includes(convention de crédit)
(a) an agreement in relation to
(i) a loan of money,
(ii) a credit sale,
(iii) a line of credit, or
(iv) a credit card, and
(b) a renewal of or an amendment to an agreement referred to in paragraph (a).
“credit card issuer” means, except in Part 7, a person who is a credit grantor in relation to a credit card.(émetteur d’une carte de crédit)
“credit grantor” means(prêteur)
(a) a person who has entered into, or who is negotiating to enter into, a credit agreement under which the person extends or is to extend credit to a borrower if
(i) the borrower has entered into or is to enter into the credit agreement for personal, family or household purposes, and
(ii) the credit is not in respect of the sale of goods intended for resale, and
(b) an assignee of the original credit grantor’s rights under a credit agreement, if the borrower has been given notice of the assignment.
“Director” means the Director of Consumer Affairs appointed under the Financial and Consumer Services Commission Act and includes any person designated by the Commission or the Director to act on the Director’s behalf. (directeur)
“lease” means an agreement for the hire of goods except for an agreement for the hire of goods in connection with a residential tenancy agreement. (bail)
“lessee” means an individual who has entered into, or who is negotiating to enter into, a lease under which the individual hires or is to hire goods from a lessor.(preneur à bail)
“lessor” means(bailleur)
(a) a person who has entered into, or who is negotiating to enter into, a lease under which the person leases or is to lease goods to a lessee if the lessee has entered into or is to enter into the lease primarily for the personal, family or household purposes of the lessee, or
(b) an assignee of the original lessor’s rights under a lease, if the lessee has been given notice of the assignment.
“Minister” means the Minister of Finance and Treasury Board and includes any person designated by the Minister to act on the Minister’s behalf.(ministre)
“ongoing consumer transaction” means a consumer transaction that provides for the continuing or periodic supply of goods, services or rewards points, whether for a fixed or an indeterminate period.(opération de consommation en étalement)
“publish” means make public in any manner, including by or through any media.(publier)
“regulated activity” means an activity governed by this Act or the regulations.(activité réglementée)
“regulation” means a regulation made under this Act and, unless the context otherwise indicates, includes a rule.(règlement)
“rule” means a rule made under this Act, or if the context requires, a rule made under the Financial and Consumer Services Commission Act. (règle)
“Small Claims Court” means the Small Claims Court of New Brunswick and includes an adjudicator of that court.(Cour des petites créances)
“supplier” , except in Part 2, means a person who is in the business of selling, leasing or trading in goods or services or is otherwise in the business of supplying goods or services, including the supply of rewards points.(fournisseur)
“Tribunal” means Tribunal as defined in the Financial and Consumer Services Commission Act. (Tribunal)
Carrying on business in the Province
2For the purposes of this Act and the regulations, a person shall be deemed to carry on business in the Province if the person:
(a) maintains an office, warehouse or place of business in the Province;
(b) holds itself out as carrying on business in the Province;
(c) is licensed or registered under any Act that entitles it to carry on business in the Province;
(d) has a resident agent or representative in the Province that carries on business on its behalf;
(e) directly or indirectly markets goods or services to consumers in the Province; or
(f) directly or indirectly offers or extends credit to borrowers in the Province.
Associates
3For the purposes of this Act and the regulations, two persons are associates of each other if
(a) one of them is the spouse, common-law partner, parent, child, sibling or business partner of the other person, or
(b) one of them is a corporation and a sufficient number of shares to elect a majority of the corporation’s directors are beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by
(i) the other person,
(ii) one or more associates of the other person, or
(iii) the other person and one or more associates of the other person.
Non-application of Act
4(1)This Act or any provision of this Act or the regulations or any provision of the regulations does not apply to
(a) a transaction or proposed transaction under the Securities Act,
(b) financial products and services regulated under the Insurance Act,
(c) subject to subsection (2), any person or class of persons prescribed by regulation,
(d) any transaction or class of transaction prescribed by regulation, or
(e) any person or class of persons exempted from the application of this Act or the regulations or a provision of this Act or regulations by an order of the Director made under subsection 5(1).
4(2)A person exempted under paragraph (1)(c) from the application of this Act or the regulations or any provision of this Act or regulations shall comply with any terms or conditions prescribed by regulation.
Exemptions
5(1)If the Director considers it appropriate to do so, the Director may, by order and subject to any terms and conditions the Director considers appropriate, exempt any person or class of persons from the application of this Act or any provision of it or from the application of the regulations or any provision of the regulations.
5(2)An order under subsection (1) may be made on the Director’s own motion or on the application of an interested person.
5(3)An order under subsection (1) may be retroactive in its operation.
5(4)A person to whom an order under subsection (1) applies shall comply with the terms and conditions imposed by the Director under that subsection.
Waiver or release of rights under this Act or the regulations
6(1)No person shall request or require a person to waive or release the person’s rights, benefits or protections under this Act or the regulations except to the extent that the waiver or release is expressly permitted by this Act or the regulations.
6(2)Any waiver or release given by a person of the person’s rights, benefits or protections under this Act or the regulations is void except to the extent that the waiver or release is expressly permitted by this Act or the regulations.
6(3)Any limit imposed on a person’s rights, benefits or protections under this Act or the regulations is void except to the extent that the limit is expressly permitted by this Act or the regulations.
Other remedies not precluded
7Any remedy under this Act is in addition to and does not derogate from any other legal, equitable or statutory remedy.
2
UNFAIR PRACTICES
Definitions
8The following definitions apply in this Part.
“material fact” means any information that would reasonably be expected to affect a decision of a consumer in relation to a consumer transaction.(fait important)
“supplier” a person who as principal or agent carries on the business of(fournisseur)
(a) selling, leasing or otherwise providing goods or services to consumers,
(b) manufacturing, importing or assembling goods, or
(c) distributing goods or services.
Application
9(1)Subject to subsection (2), this Part applies to
(a) an unfair practice involving a supplier that carries on business in the Province,
(b) an unfair practice involving a consumer who is a resident of the Province,
(c) an unfair practice involving a consumer agreement in which the offer or acceptance is made in or is sent from within the Province,
(d) an unfair practice made or received in the Province involving a supplier’s representative, and
(e) an unfair practice involving circumstances specified in the regulations.
9(2)This Part only applies to an unfair practice that occurs on or after the commencement of this section.
Unfair practices
10(1)It is an unfair practice for a supplier
(a) to exert undue pressure or influence on a consumer to enter into a consumer agreement,
(b) to take advantage of a consumer as a result of the consumer’s inability to understand the character, nature, language or effect of a consumer transaction or any matter related to the transaction,
(c) to fail to disclose a material fact in relation to a consumer transaction,
(d) to use exaggeration, innuendo or ambiguity concerning a material fact in relation to a consumer transaction,
(e) to charge a price for goods or services that grossly exceeds the price at which similar goods or services are readily available without informing a consumer of the difference in price and the reason for the difference,
(f) to charge a price for goods or services that exceeds the estimate given for those goods or services by more than 10% or that exceeds that estimate by more than $100, unless,
(i) the consumer has expressly consented to the higher price before the goods or services are supplied, or
(ii) if the consumer requires additional or different goods or services, the consumer and the supplier agree to amend the estimate,
(g) to charge a fee for an estimate for goods or services unless a consumer
(i) is informed in advance that a fee will be charged and informed of the amount of the fee, and
(ii) has expressly consented to be charged the fee,
(h) to enter into a consumer agreement if the supplier knows or ought to know that the consumer is unable to receive any reasonable benefit from the goods or services,
(i) to enter into a consumer agreement if the supplier knows or ought to know that there is no reasonable probability that the consumer is able to pay the full price for the goods or services,
(j) to include in a consumer agreement terms and conditions that are harsh, oppressive or excessively one‑sided, or
(k) to make a representation that a consumer agreement involves or does not involve rights, remedies or obligations that is not accurate.
10(2)Without limiting subsection (1), the following are unfair practices if they are directed at one or more consumers or potential consumers:
(a) a supplier’s doing or saying anything that might reasonably deceive or mislead a consumer;
(b) a supplier’s misleading statement of opinion if the consumer is likely to rely on that opinion to the consumer’s disadvantage;
(c) a supplier’s representation that goods or services have sponsorship, approval, performance, characteristics, accessories, ingredients, quantities, components, uses, benefits or other attributes that they do not have;
(d) a supplier’s representation that the supplier has a sponsorship, approval, status, qualification, affiliation or connection that the supplier does not have;
(e) a supplier’s representation that goods or services are of a particular standard, quality, grade, style or model if they are not;
(f) a supplier’s representation about the extent to which goods have been used that is not accurate;
(g) a supplier’s representation that goods are new if they are used, deteriorated, altered or reconditioned;
(h) a supplier’s representation that goods have or do not have a particular history or usage if that is not accurate;
(i) a supplier’s representation that goods or services are available for a reason that is not accurate;
(j) a supplier’s representation that goods or services have been made available in accordance with a previous representation if they have not;
(k) a supplier’s representation that the supplier can supply goods or services if the supplier cannot;
(l) a supplier’s representation involving a voucher that another supplier will provide goods or services or will provide goods or services at a discounted or reduced price if the first‑mentioned supplier knows or ought to know that the second‑mentioned supplier will not;
(m) a supplier’s representation that goods are available in a particular quantity if they are not;
(n) a supplier’s representation that goods or services will be supplied within a stated period if the supplier knows or ought to know that they will not;
(o) a supplier’s representation that a specific price benefit or advantage exists if it does not;
(p) a supplier’s representation that a part, replacement, repair or adjustment is needed or desirable if it is not;
(q) a supplier’s representation that a service has been provided, a part has been installed, a replacement has been provided or a repair or adjustment has been made if it has not;
(r) a supplier’s representation that the supplier is requesting information, conducting a survey or making a solicitation for a particular purpose if that is not the case;
(s) a supplier’s representation that a person does or does not have the authority to negotiate the terms of a consumer transaction if that is not the case;
(t) when the price of any part of goods or services is given in any representation by a supplier,
(i) failure to give the total price of the goods or services, or
(ii) giving less prominence to the total price of the goods or services than to the price of the part;
(u) when the amount of any instalment to be paid in respect of goods or services is given in any representation by a supplier,
(i) failure to give the total price of the goods or services, or
(ii) giving less prominence to the total price of the goods or services than to the amount of the instalment;
(v) a supplier’s representation regarding a consumer agreement that provides for the continuing supply of services if the supplier fails
(i) to provide prominent and full disclosure of the terms of the consumer agreement, including duration, changes in price, renewals, extensions or amendments, or
(ii) to obtain the consumer’s express consent to renewals, extensions or amendments of the consumer agreement;
(w) a supplier’s representation of an estimate of the price of goods or services if the goods or services cannot be provided for that price;
(x) a supplier’s representation of the price of goods or services in a way that a consumer might reasonably believe that the price refers to a larger package of goods or services than is the case;
(y) a supplier’s representation that a consumer will obtain a benefit for helping the supplier to find other potential customers if it is unlikely that the consumer will obtain a benefit;
(z) a supplier’s representation about the performance, capability or useful life of goods or services unless
(i) the representation is based on adequate and proper independent testing that was done before the representation is made,
(ii) the testing substantiates the claim, and
(iii) the representation accurately and fairly reflects the results of the testing;
(aa) a supplier’s representation that goods or services are available at an advantageous price if reasonable quantities of them are not available at that price, unless it is made clear that quantities are limited;
(bb) a supplier’s representation that appears to be objective in a form such as an editorial, documentary or scientific report when the representation is primarily made to sell goods or services, unless the representation states that it is an advertisement or promotion;
(cc) a supplier’s representation about the purpose of a charge or proposed charge if that is not the purpose;
(dd) a supplier’s using possession or control of a consumer’s goods to pressure the consumer into renegotiating a term or condition of a consumer agreement; and
(ee) anything specified in the regulations.
Prohibition on engaging in an unfair practice
11(1)No person shall engage in an unfair practice.
11(2)In determining whether a person has engaged in an unfair practice, the general impression given by the alleged unfair practice may be considered as well as the literal meaning of the representation or the terms and conditions of the consumer agreement.
11(3)If it is alleged that a supplier has engaged in an unfair practice, the onus is on the supplier to prove that the supplier has not engaged in the unfair practice.
Prohibition on advertisements containing unfair practices
12(1)No person shall publish a supplier’s advertisement for goods or services if the advertisement contains an unfair practice.
12(2)Subsection (1) does not apply to a person who publishes a supplier’s advertisement in good faith and in the ordinary course of business.
Circumstances surrounding an unfair practice
13(1)An unfair practice may occur
(a) before, during or after a consumer transaction,
(b) whether or not a consumer agreement is entered into, and
(c) whether or not a consumer has suffered loss or damage.
13(2)An unfair practice may consist of a single act or omission.
13(3)An unfair practice is an unfair practice for the purposes of this Part even if
(a) it is not directed at a specific consumer and does not occur in the course of or for the purposes of a specific consumer transaction but is directed to the public at large, and
(b) there is no privity of contract between the supplier and any specific consumer affected by the unfair practice.
Cancellation when there has been an unfair practice
14(1)A consumer may cancel, at no cost or penalty to the consumer, a consumer agreement, whether written or oral, that was entered into by the consumer and a supplier who engaged in an unfair practice regarding the consumer transaction, whether the unfair practice occurred before or at the time the consumer agreement was entered into or afterwards.
14(2)A consumer is entitled to recover the amount by which the consumer’s payment under the consumer agreement exceeds the value of the goods or services or to recover damages, or both, if cancellation of the consumer agreement is not possible because
(a) the return or restitution of the goods or cancellation of the services is no longer possible, or
(b) cancellation would deprive a third party of a right in the subject‑matter of the consumer agreement that the third party has acquired in good faith and for value.
14(3)When a consumer cancels a consumer agreement, the cancellation operates to cancel, as if they never existed,
(a) the consumer agreement,
(b) all related consumer agreements,
(c) all guarantees given in respect of money payable under the consumer agreement,
(d) all security given by the consumer or a guarantor in respect of money payable under the consumer agreement, and
(e) all credit agreements and other payment instruments, including promissory notes,
(i) extended, arranged or facilitated by the supplier with whom the consumer made the consumer agreement, or
(ii) otherwise related to the consumer agreement.
14(4)The cancellation right under this section is in addition to, and does not affect, any other right or remedy the consumer has under a consumer agreement or at law.
Notice
15(1)A consumer who wishes to cancel a consumer agreement under subsection 14(1) or to seek recovery under subsection 14(2) is required to give notice within one year after entering into the consumer agreement.
15(2)A consumer may give notice in any manner as long as the notice meets any requirements prescribed by regulation and indicates
(a) the consumer’s intention
(i) to cancel the consumer agreement, or
(ii) to seek recovery if cancellation is not possible, and
(b) the consumer’s reasons for taking the actions set out in paragraph (a).
15(3)A consumer may give a notice to a supplier by
(a) personal service, or
(b) sending it to the supplier by registered mail, prepaid courier, fax or any other method that permits the consumer to provide evidence of the cancellation.
15(4)A notice that is given in accordance with paragraph (3)(b) shall be deemed to have been given when sent.
15(5)The consumer may give the notice to the supplier with whom the consumer entered into the consumer agreement at the address set out in the agreement, or, if the consumer did not receive a written copy of the agreement or if the address of the supplier was not set out in the agreement, the consumer may give the notice
(a) at any address of the supplier on record with the Commission or the Government of New Brunswick, or
(b) at an address of the supplier known to the consumer.
15(6)If a consumer has given notice and has not received a satisfactory response within the period prescribed by regulation, the consumer may commence an action in the Court of King’s Bench under section 16.
Application to Court of King’s Bench – unfair practices
16(1)A consumer who has entered into a consumer agreement who has suffered damage or loss due to an unfair practice in respect of that consumer agreement may apply to the Court of King’s Bench to commence an action against any supplier who engaged in or acquiesced in the unfair practice that caused that damage or loss.
16(2)A consumer referred to in subsection 15(6) may apply to the Court of King’s Bench to commence an action against the supplier with whom the consumer entered into the consumer agreement.
16(3) In an action commenced under subsection (1) or (2), the Court of King’s Bench may
(a) declare that the practice is an unfair practice,
(b) award damages,
(c) award punitive or exemplary damages,
(d) make an order for
(i) the specific performance of the consumer agreement,
(ii) the recovery of property or funds, or
(iii) the rescission of the consumer agreement,
(e) grant an order in the nature of an injunction restraining the supplier from engaging in the unfair practice, or
(f) give any directions and grant any other relief the court considers appropriate.
16(4)In determining whether to grant any relief under this section and the nature and extent of the relief, the Court of King’s Bench shall consider whether the consumer made a reasonable effort to minimize any damage resulting from the unfair practice and to resolve the dispute with the supplier before commencing the action.
16(5)The Court of King’s Bench may award costs in accordance with the Rules of Court.
Application to Small Claims Court – unfair practices
17(1)Subject to the jurisdiction of the Small Claims Court, a consumer may apply to that court to commence an action under subsection 16(1) or (2).
17(2)Section 19 does not apply to an action commenced under subsection (1).
Powers of the court
18(1) Oral evidence respecting an unfair practice is admissible in an action commenced under section 16 despite the existence of a written consumer agreement and despite the fact that the oral evidence relates to a representation in respect of a term, condition or undertaking that is not provided for in the consumer agreement.
18(2)The court may disregard the requirement that the consumer give notice under subsection 15(1) or any requirement relating to the notice if it considers that it is in the interest of justice to do so.
Notice to the Director
19(1)A consumer who commences an action under section 16 shall serve the Director with a copy of the statement of claim.
19(2)On being served under subsection (1), the Director may, on notice to all parties to the action, apply to the Court of King’s Bench to be added as a party.
Liability
20(1)Each person who engages in an unfair practice is jointly and severally liable with the supplier who entered into a consumer agreement that was subject to the unfair practice with a consumer for any amount to which the consumer is entitled.
20(2)If a consumer agreement to which section 14 applies has been assigned or if any right to payment under that consumer agreement has been assigned, the liability of the person to whom it has been assigned is limited to the amount paid to that person by the consumer.
3
UNSOLICITED GOODS OR SERVICES
Definitions
21(1)The following definitions apply in this Part.
“material change” means a change or a series of changes of a nature or quality that could reasonably be expected to influence a reasonable person’s decision to enter into a consumer agreement or continue a consumer transaction.(changement important)
“unsolicited goods or services” , subject to subsection (2), means goods or services that are supplied to a consumer who did not request them and includes the enhancement of a service that a consumer is already receiving that the consumer did not request.(marchandises ou services non sollicités)
21(2)The following goods or services are not considered unsolicited goods or services:
(a) goods or services that the recipient knows or ought to know are intended for another person;
(b) goods or services that are periodically supplied and for which there is a change in supply if the change is not a material change;
(c) goods or services supplied under a written future performance contract that provides for the periodic supply of goods or services to the recipient without further solicitation; or
(d) goods or services for which the supplier does not require payment.
Application
22(1)Subject to subsection (2), this Part applies to unsolicited goods or services that are
(a) supplied or received in the Province,
(b) supplied by a supplier that carries on business in the Province, or
(c) received by a consumer who is a resident of the Province.
22(2)This Part only applies to unsolicited goods or services that are supplied or received on or after the commencement of this section.
No obligations in respect of unsolicited goods or services
23(1)A consumer is not liable to pay for and has no other legal obligations in respect of unsolicited goods or services unless and until the consumer expressly acknowledges to the supplier in writing the intention to accept the goods or services.
23(2)Unless the consumer has given the acknowledgement referred to in subsection (1), the supplier does not have a claim for any loss, use, misuse, possession, damage or misappropriation in respect of the goods or services or the value obtained by the use of the goods or services.
23(3)A request for goods or services shall not be inferred solely on the basis of payment, inaction, the passage of time or the purchase of similar goods or services.
23(4)No supplier shall demand payment or make any representation that suggests that a consumer is required to make payment in respect of any unsolicited goods or services despite their use, receipt, misuse, loss, damage or theft.
23(5)If it is alleged that a supplier has supplied unsolicited goods or services, the onus is on the supplier to prove that the goods or services supplied were not unsolicited goods or services.
Material change in ongoing consumer transaction
24(1)If a consumer is being supplied with goods or services under an ongoing consumer transaction and there is a material change in the goods or services, or in the supply of the goods or services, the goods or services are deemed to be unsolicited goods or services from the time of the material change unless the supplier is able to establish that the consumer consented to the material change.
24(2)Subject to subsection (3), a supplier may rely on a consumer’s consent to the material change if that consent is made by any method that permits the supplier to produce evidence to establish the consumer’s consent, and the supplier shall bear the onus of proving the consumer’s consent.
24(3)A supplier does not establish a consumer’s consent by providing notice to the consumer to the effect that the supplier will supply the materially changed goods or services to the consumer unless the consumer instructs the supplier not to supply the goods or services.
Remedy – refund for unsolicited goods or services
25(1)A consumer who pays for unsolicited goods or services may give to the supplier a demand in writing for a refund from the supplier within the period prescribed by regulation if the consumer did not expressly acknowledge to the supplier in writing the intention to accept the goods or services.
25(2)A demand is sufficient if it indicates, in any way, the intention of the consumer to demand a refund of a payment made for unsolicited goods or services.
25(3)If a supplier receives a demand for a refund, the supplier shall refund to the consumer all money received in respect of the unsolicited goods or services within the period prescribed by regulation.
4
CONSUMER AGREEMENTS
Division A
Definitions and Interpretation
Definitions
26The following definitions apply in this Part.
“distance sales contract” means a consumer agreement that is not entered into in person and, with respect to goods, for which the consumer does not have the opportunity to inspect the goods that are the subject of the agreement before entering into it.(contrat de vente à distance)
“future performance contract” means a consumer agreement for which the supply of goods or services does not occur or payment in full is not made at the time the agreement is entered into or partly executed.(contrat à exécution différée)
“gift card” means an electronic card, written certificate or other voucher or payment device, including a gift certificate, with a monetary value that is issued or sold by a supplier under a consumer agreement in exchange for the future purchase or supply of goods or services.(carte-cadeau)
“gift card agreement” means a consumer agreement for the supply of a gift card.(convention de carte-cadeau)
“initiation fee” means a fee payable in addition to a membership fee.(frais d’adhésion)
“internet sales contract” means a consumer agreement entered into over the Internet.(contrat de vente par Internet)
“membership fee” means the fee payable by a consumer for personal development services.(cotisation)
“personal development services” means (services de perfectionnement personnel)
(a) services related to
(i) health, fitness, diet or similar matters,
(ii) modelling and talent, including photo shoots related to modelling and talent, or similar matters,
(iii) martial arts, sports, dance or similar activities, and
(iv) any other matters or activities prescribed by regulation, and
(b) facilities provided for
(i) instruction, training or assistance with respect to any of the services referred to in paragraph (a), and
(ii) the use by a consumer of any of the services referred to in paragraph (a).
“personal development services contract” means a consumer agreement for personal development services for which payment is required in advance of those services being provided.(contrat de services de perfectionnement personnel)
“rewards points” means units that (points de récompense)
(a) are earned by the consumer over multiple transactions,
(b) must be accumulated before being exchanged, and
(c) may be exchanged for money, goods or services.
“rewards points agreement” means a consumer agreement that provides for the supply of rewards points to a consumer, on a supplier’s own behalf or on behalf of another supplier, when the consumer purchases goods or services or otherwise acts in a manner specified in the agreement.(convention de points de récompense)
Interpretation of “rewards points”
27For the purposes of the definition “rewards points” in section 26, the units may be described as points, dollars spent or any similar term.
Division B
Distance Sales Contracts and
Internet Sales Contracts
Application
28(1)Subject to subsection (2), this Division applies to a distance sales contract or internet sales contract that is entered into, amended or renewed on or after the commencement of this section in which
(a) the supplier or consumer is a resident of or located in the Province, or
(b) the offer or acceptance is made in or sent from within the Province.
28(2)This Division does not apply to a distance sales contract or internet sales contract
(a) for goods or services with a value below the amount prescribed by regulation,
(b) for goods or services that are immediately downloaded or accessed using the Internet, or
(c) for a gift card.
Requirements – distance sales contracts
29(1)Before entering into a distance sales contract with a consumer, a supplier shall disclose to the consumer the information prescribed by regulation.
29(2)A distance sales contract shall contain the information prescribed by regulation.
29(3)A supplier shall provide a consumer who enters into a distance sales contract with a copy of the contract in writing or electronic form within 15 days after the contract is entered into.
29(4)For the purposes of subsection (3), a supplier is considered to have provided the consumer with a copy of the distance sales contract if the copy is provided in accordance with the regulations.
Requirements – internet sales contracts
30(1)Before entering into an internet sales contract with a consumer, a supplier shall
(a) disclose to the consumer the information prescribed by regulation in accordance with the requirements prescribed by regulation, and
(b) provide the consumer with an express opportunity to accept or decline the internet sales contract and to correct any errors immediately before entering into it.
30(2)An internet sales contract shall contain the information prescribed by regulation.
30(3)A supplier shall provide a consumer who enters into an internet sales contract with a copy of the contract in writing or electronic form within 15 days after the contract is entered into.
30(4)For the purposes of subsection (3), a supplier is considered to have provided the consumer with a copy of the internet sales contract if the copy is provided in accordance with the regulations.
Cancellation
31(1)At any time within seven days after receiving a copy of the contract, a consumer may cancel
(a) a distance sales contract if the supplier did not disclose to the consumer the information required under subsection 29(1), or
(b) an internet sales contract if
(i) the supplier did not disclose to the consumer the information required under paragraph 30(1)(a), or
(ii) the supplier did not provide the consumer with an express opportunity to accept or decline the internet sales contract and to correct any errors immediately before entering into it as required under paragraph 30(1)(b).
31(2)Within 30 days after the contract is entered into, a consumer may cancel
(a) a distance sales contract if the supplier does not provide the consumer with a copy of the contract in accordance with subsection 29(3), or
(b) an internet sales contract if the supplier does not provide the consumer with a copy of the contract in accordance with subsection 30(3).
31(3)A consumer may cancel a distance sales contract or internet sales contract at any time before accepting the delivery of the goods or the supply of the services under the contract if the supplier fails to
(a) deliver the goods within 30 days after
(i) the delivery date specified in the contract or an amended delivery date agreed to in writing or electronic form by the consumer and the supplier, or
(ii) the date the contract is entered into if a delivery date is not specified in the contract or a later written agreement, or
(b) begin to supply the services within 30 days after
(i) the date specified in the contract or an amended date agreed to in writing or electronic form by the consumer and the supplier, or
(ii) the date the contract is entered into if a date is not specified in the contract or a later written agreement.
31(4)For the purposes of subsection (3), a supplier is deemed to have
(a) delivered the goods under a distance sales contract or internet sales contract if
(i) delivery was attempted but was refused by the consumer at the time delivery was attempted, or
(ii) delivery was attempted but not made because no person was available to accept delivery for the consumer on the day for which reasonable notice was given to the consumer that the goods were available to be delivered, or
(b) begun to supply services under a distance sales contract or internet sales contract if
(i) the supply of services was attempted but refused by the consumer at the time it was attempted, or
(ii) the supply of services was attempted but did not occur because no person was available to enable the supply of the services to begin on the day for which reasonable notice was given to the consumer that the services were available to begin.
Notice of cancellation
32(1)A distance sales contract or internet sales contract is cancelled under section 31 when the consumer gives the supplier a notice of cancellation in accordance with this section.
32(2)A notice of cancellation is adequate if it indicates the intention of the consumer to cancel the distance sales contract or internet sales contract.
32(3)A notice of cancellation may be given to the supplier by any means, including, but not limited to, personal service, registered mail, prepaid courier, fax and email.
32(4)If a notice of cancellation is given other than by personal service, the notice shall be deemed to have been given when sent.
Power of the Court of King’s Bench to provide relief against cancellation
33A supplier who receives a notice of cancellation under section 32 may apply to the Court of King’s Bench for relief against cancellation, and, if in the opinion of the court it would be inequitable for a distance sales contract or internet sales contract to be cancelled under section 31, it may make any order it considers appropriate.
Effect of cancellation
34(1)A cancellation of a distance sales contract or internet sales contract under section 31 operates to cancel the contract as if the contract had never existed.
34(2)A cancellation of a distance sales contract or internet sales contract also operates to cancel the following as if the contract had never existed:
(a) any related consumer transaction;
(b) any guarantee given in respect of consideration payable under the contract; and
(c) any security given by the consumer or a guarantor in respect of consideration payable under the contract.
34(3)If credit is extended or arranged by the supplier, the credit agreement is conditional on the distance sales contract or internet sales contract whether or not the credit agreement is a part of or attached to the contract, and, if the distance sales contract or internet sales contract is cancelled, that cancellation has the effect of cancelling the credit agreement as if the contract had never existed.
Obligations on cancellation
35(1)If a distance sales contract or internet sales contract is cancelled under section 31, the supplier shall refund to the consumer all consideration paid by the consumer under the contract and any related consumer agreement, whether paid to the supplier or another person, within 15 days after the date of cancellation.
35(2)If goods are delivered to a consumer under a distance sales contract or internet sales contract that is cancelled under section 31, the consumer shall return the goods to the supplier in accordance with the requirements of and in the manner prescribed by regulation.
35(3)If a consumer returns goods to a supplier in accordance with the regulations, the supplier shall comply with the requirements prescribed by regulation with respect to the return of the goods.
35(4)If a consumer has cancelled a distance sales contract or internet sales contract under section 31 and has not met the consumer’s obligations under this section and the regulations, the supplier or the person to whom the obligation is owed may commence an action in the Court of King’s Bench.
Consumer recourse – action for debt
36If a consumer has cancelled a distance sales contract or internet sales contract under section 31 and the supplier has not refunded all the consideration paid by the consumer within the 15‑day period referred to in subsection 35(1), the consumer may commence an action in a court of competent jurisdiction to recover the consideration from the supplier.
Consumer recourse – request to reverse or cancel credit card charges
37(1)If a consumer has cancelled a distance sales contract or internet sales contract under section 31 and the supplier has not refunded all the consideration paid by the consumer within the 15-day period referred to in subsection 35(1) and the consumer has charged all or any part of the consideration payable under the distance sales contract or internet sales contract or related consumer agreement to a credit card account, the consumer may request the credit card issuer to cancel or reverse the credit card charge and any associated interest or other charges.
37(2)A request under subsection (1) shall be in writing or electronic form and contain the information prescribed by regulation.
37(3)The credit card issuer shall acknowledge the consumer’s request within 30 days after receiving it, and if the request meets the requirements of subsection (2), the credit card issuer shall cancel or reverse the credit card charge and any associated interest or other charges within two complete billing cycles of the credit card issuer or 90 days, whichever occurs first.
37(4)A request under subsection (1) may be given to the credit card issuer by any means, including, but not limited to, personal service, registered mail, prepaid courier, fax and email.
37(5)If a request under subsection (1) is given other than by personal service, the request shall be deemed to have been given when sent.
Division C
Future Performance Contracts
Application
38(1)Subject to subsections (2) and (3), this Division applies to a future performance contract that is entered into, amended or renewed on or after the commencement of this section in which
(a) the supplier or consumer is a resident of or located in the Province, or
(b) the offer or acceptance is made in or sent from within the Province.
38(2)This Division does not apply to a future performance contract
(a) for goods or services with a value below the amount prescribed by regulation, or
(b) for a gift card.
38(3)This Division does not apply to a provision or part of a future performance contract that relates to the supply of rewards points.
Requirements
39(1)A future performance contract shall contain the information prescribed by regulation.
39(2)A supplier shall provide a consumer who enters into a future performance contract with a copy of the contract in writing or electronic form within 15 days after the contract is entered into.
39(3)For the purposes of subsection (2), a supplier is considered to have provided the consumer with a copy of the future performance contract if the copy is provided in accordance with the regulations.
Cancellation
40(1)A consumer may cancel a future performance contract not later than one year after the date on which the contract is entered into if
(a) the contract does not contain the information required under subsection 39(1), or
(b) the supplier does not provide the consumer with a copy of the contract in accordance with subsection 39(2).
40(2)A consumer is entitled to recover the amount by which the consumer’s payment under a future performance contract exceeds the value of the goods or services if cancellation of the future performance contract is not possible because
(a) the return or restitution of the goods or cancellation of the services is no longer possible, or
(b) cancellation would deprive a third party of a right in the subject‑matter of the future performance contract that the third party has acquired in good faith and for value.
40(3)A consumer may cancel a future performance contract at any time before accepting the delivery of the goods or the supply of the services under the contract if the supplier fails to
(a) deliver the goods within 30 days after
(i) the delivery date specified in the contract or an amended delivery date agreed to in writing or electronic form by the consumer and the supplier, or
(ii) the date the contract is entered into if a delivery date is not specified in the contract or a later written agreement, or
(b) begin to supply the services within 30 days after
(i) the date specified in the contract or an amended date agreed to in writing or electronic form by the consumer and the supplier, or
(ii) the date the contract is entered into if a date is not specified in the contract or a later written agreement.
40(4)For the purposes of subsection (3), a supplier is deemed to have
(a) delivered the goods under a future performance contract if
(i) delivery was attempted but was refused by the consumer at the time delivery was attempted, or
(ii) delivery was attempted but not made because no person was available to accept delivery for the consumer on the day for which reasonable notice was given to the consumer that the goods were available to be delivered, or
(b) begun to supply services under a future performance contract if
(i) the supply of services was attempted but refused by the consumer at the time it was attempted, or
(ii) the supply of services was attempted but did not occur because no person was available to enable the supply of the services to begin on the day for which reasonable notice was given to the consumer that the services were available to begin.
Notice of cancellation
41(1)A future performance contract is cancelled under section 40 when the consumer gives the supplier a notice of cancellation in accordance with this section.
41(2)A notice of cancellation is adequate if it indicates the intention of the consumer to cancel the future performance contract or to seek recovery if cancellation is not possible.
41(3)A consumer may give a notice of cancellation to a supplier by
(a) personal service, or
(b) sending it to the supplier by registered mail, prepaid courier, fax or any other method that permits the consumer to provide evidence of the cancellation.
41(4)A notice of cancellation that is given in accordance with paragraph (3)(b) shall be deemed to have been given when sent.
41(5)The consumer may give the notice of cancellation to the supplier at the address set out in the future performance contract or, if the consumer did not receive a copy of the contract or if the address of the supplier was not set out in the contract, the consumer may send the notice
(a) to any address of the supplier on record with the Commission or the Government of New Brunswick, or
(b) to an address of the supplier known to the consumer.
Power of the Court of King’s Bench to provide relief against cancellation
42A supplier who receives a notice of cancellation under section 41 may apply to the Court of King’s Bench for relief against cancellation, and, if in the opinion of the court it would be inequitable for a future performance contract to be cancelled under section 40, it may make any order it considers appropriate.
Effect of cancellation
43(1)A cancellation of a future performance contract under section 40 operates to cancel the contract as if the contract had never existed.
43(2)A cancellation of a future performance contract also operates to cancel the following as if the contract had never existed:
(a) any related consumer transaction;
(b) any guarantee given in respect of consideration payable under the contract; and
(c) any security given by the consumer or a guarantor in respect of consideration payable under the contract.
43(3)If credit is extended or arranged by the supplier, the credit agreement is conditional on the future performance contract whether or not the credit agreement is a part of or attached to the contract, and if the future performance contract is cancelled, that cancellation has the effect of cancelling the credit agreement as if the contract had never existed.
Obligations on cancellation
44(1)If a future performance contract is cancelled under section 40, the supplier shall refund to the consumer all consideration paid by the consumer under the contract and any related consumer agreement, whether paid to the supplier or another person, within 15 days after the date of cancellation.
44(2)If a future performance contract is cancelled under section 40, the consumer shall, in accordance with the requirements prescribed by regulation and in the manner prescribed by regulation, return the goods to the supplier or allow the goods to be repossessed or dealt with in any manner prescribed by regulation.
44(3)If a consumer has cancelled a future performance contract under section 40 and has not met the consumer’s obligations under this section and the regulations, the supplier or the person to whom the obligation is owed may commence an action in the Court of King’s Bench.
Consumer recourse – action for debt
45If a consumer has cancelled a future performance contract under section 40 and the supplier has not refunded all of the consideration within the 15-day period referred to in subsection 44(1), the consumer may commence an action in a court of competent jurisdiction to recover the consideration from the supplier.
Cancellation of pre-authorized payments
46(1) Subject to subsection (2), if a future performance contract is cancelled under section 40, the supplier shall, in accordance with the requirements prescribed by regulation, cancel any future payments or charges that have been authorized by the consumer.
46(2) Subsection (1) does not apply in the following circumstances:
(a) within 30 days after the cancellation of the future performance contract
(i) the consumer and supplier enter into a new future performance contract, and
(ii) the new future performance contract is for the supply of the same goods or services that were to be supplied under the cancelled contract; and
(b) the consumer has authorized future payments or charges for the goods or services that the consumer is to receive from the supplier under the new future performance contract.
Consumer recourse – request to reverse or cancel credit card charges
47(1)If a consumer has cancelled a future performance contract under section 40 and the supplier has not refunded all the consideration paid by the consumer within the 15-day period referred to in subsection 44(1) and the consumer has charged all or any part of the consideration payable under the future performance contract or related consumer agreement to a credit card account, the consumer may request the credit card issuer to cancel or reverse the credit card charge and any associated interest or other charges.
47(2)A request under subsection (1) shall be in writing or electronic form and contain the information prescribed by regulation.
47(3)The credit card issuer shall acknowledge the consumer’s request within 30 days after receiving it, and if the request meets the requirements of subsection (2), the credit card issuer shall cancel or reverse the credit card charge and any associated interest or other charges within two complete billing cycles of the credit card issuer or 90 days, whichever occurs first.
47(4)A request under subsection (1) may be given to the credit card issuer by any means, including, but not limited to, personal service, registered mail, prepaid courier, fax or email.
47(5)If a request under subsection (1) is given other than by personal service, the request shall be deemed to have been given when sent.
Division D
Personal Development Services Contracts
Application
48(1)Subject to subsection (2), this Division applies to a personal development services contract that is entered into, amended or renewed on or after the commencement of this section in which
(a) the supplier or consumer is a resident of or located in the Province, or
(b) the offer or acceptance is made in or sent from within the Province.
48(2)This Division does not apply to a personal development services contract
(a) for personal development services with a value below the amount prescribed by regulation,
(b) if the supplier is
(i) a corporation that operates on a not-for-profit basis,
(ii) a cooperative incorporated or continued under the Cooperatives Act,
(iii) a private club that is primarily owned by its members, or
(iv) a charitable or local government organization or the Government of New Brunswick or an agency of the Government of New Brunswick, or
(c) that is incidental to the main business of the supplier and for which no fee is charged to the consumer.
Requirements
49(1)A personal development services contract shall be made in accordance with the regulations and shall contain the information prescribed by regulation.
49(2)The term of a personal development services contract shall not exceed the period prescribed by regulation.
49(3)A supplier shall provide a consumer who enters into a personal development services contract with a copy of the contract in writing or electronic form.
Contract void if term exceeded
50(1)A personal development services contract for a term that exceeds the period referred to in subsection 49(2) is void.
50(2)The term of a personal development services contract begins on the date that all the personal development services that are the subject of the contract are available to the consumer.
Payment and refunds
51(1)No supplier shall require or accept payment for personal development services from a consumer if
(a) the supplier has not entered into a personal development services contract with the consumer,
(b) the supplier has entered into a personal development services contract with the consumer that does not meet the requirements of section 49, or
(c) subject to section 52, the personal development services that are the subject of the personal development services contract are not available to the consumer.
51(2)Subject to section 52, if a supplier accepts a payment from a consumer in the circumstances set out in paragraph (1)(a), (b) or (c), the supplier shall, on the demand of the consumer, refund to the consumer all the consideration received.
Agreements and permissions – alternative facilities
52(1)Paragraph 51(1)(c) does not apply if one of the personal development services that is not available to the consumer is the use of a facility and the consumer has, in accordance with any requirements prescribed by regulation, entered into an agreement with the supplier to use another facility provided by the supplier until the facility that is the subject of the personal development services contract is available or until the expiry of the period prescribed by regulation, whichever occurs first.
52(2)Subsection 51(2) does not apply if the consumer has, in accordance with any requirements prescribed by regulation, given the supplier permission to retain a payment made by the consumer in the circumstances set out in paragraph 51(1)(c).
52(3)An agreement referred to in subsection (1) and a permission referred to in subsection (2) shall contain any information prescribed by regulation and shall be valid for the period prescribed by regulation.
52(4)On the expiry of the period referred to in subsection (3), the consumer may, in accordance with any requirements prescribed by regulation, enter into a subsequent agreement with the supplier or give a subsequent permission to the supplier.
52(5)For the purposes of subsection (1), if a facility that is the subject of a personal development services contract is not available, the supplier may provide a website as another facility for the supply of personal development services over the Internet.
Renewals
53(1)A provision of a personal development services contract that provides for the renewal of the contract is not valid unless the supplier provides the consumer with a reminder notice about the renewal within the period and in the manner prescribed by regulation.
53(2)A personal development services contract that provides for the renewal of the contract shall be deemed not to be renewed if before the time for renewal the consumer notifies the supplier that the consumer does not want to renew the contract.
53(3)Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply to a personal development services contract that provides for successive monthly renewals if the consumer has the option of terminating the contract on one month’s notice or less.
Cancellation – cooling-off period
54A consumer may cancel a personal development services contract at any time within 10 days after the date the consumer receives a copy of the contract under subsection 49(3) or the date all the personal development services that are the subject of the contract are available to the consumer, whichever is later.
Notice of cancellation
55(1)A personal development services contract is cancelled under section 54 when the consumer gives the supplier a notice of cancellation in accordance with this section.
55(2)A notice of cancellation is adequate if it indicates the intention of the consumer to cancel the personal development services contract.
55(3)A consumer may give a notice of cancellation to a supplier by
(a) personal service, or
(b) sending it to the supplier by registered mail, prepaid courier, fax or any other method that permits the consumer to provide evidence of the cancellation.
55(4)A notice of cancellation that is given in accordance with paragraph (3)(b) shall be deemed to have been given when sent.
55(5)The consumer may give the notice of cancellation to the supplier at the address set out in the personal development services contract or, if the consumer did not receive a written copy of the contract or if the address of the supplier was not set out in the contract, the consumer may send the notice
(a) to any address of the supplier on record with the Commission or the Government of New Brunswick, or
(b) to an address of the supplier known to the consumer.
Effect of cancellation
56If a consumer cancels a personal development services contract under section 54, the consumer is not liable to pay for any personal development services supplied up to the date of the cancellation.
Obligations on cancellation
57(1)If a personal development services contract is cancelled under section 54, the supplier shall refund to the consumer all consideration paid by the consumer under the contract and any related consumer agreement, whether paid to the supplier or another person, within 15 days after the date of cancellation.
57(2) If a personal development services contract is cancelled under section 54, the supplier shall cancel any future payments or charges that have been authorized by the consumer under the contract.
57(3)If a personal development services contract is cancelled under section 54, the consumer shall, in accordance with the requirements prescribed by regulation and in the manner prescribed by regulation, return any goods supplied in relation to the personal development services contract to the supplier or allow the goods to be repossessed or dealt with in any manner prescribed by regulation.
57(4)If a consumer has cancelled a personal development services contract under section 54 and has not met the consumer’s obligations under this section and the regulations, the supplier or the person to whom the obligation is owed may commence an action in the Court of King’s Bench.
Supplier prohibited from entering or renegotiating contract before giving refund
58A supplier who receives a notice of cancellation under subsection 55(1) shall not attempt to enter into a new personal development services contract or to renegotiate the personal development services contract with the consumer until the supplier has provided the consumer with a refund in accordance with subsection 57(1).
Consumer recourse – action for debt
59If a consumer has cancelled a personal development services contract under section 54 and the supplier has not refunded all of the consideration within the 15-day period referred to in subsection 57(1), the consumer may commence an action in a court of competent jurisdiction to recover the consideration from the supplier.
Limit of one personal services development contract
60(1)No supplier shall enter into a new personal development services contract with a consumer with whom the supplier has an existing personal development services contract unless the new contract is for personal development services that are distinctly different from those provided under the existing personal development services contract.
60(2)Any new personal development services contract entered into in contravention of subsection (1) is void.
60(3)If a supplier accepts a payment from a consumer for a personal development services contract referred to in subsection (2), the supplier shall, on the demand of the consumer, refund to the consumer all the consideration received.
60(4)For the purposes of subsection (1), a different term or a different commencement date does not constitute a distinct difference in the personal development services to be provided.
60(5)Nothing in this section prevents a personal development services contract from being renewed during the term of the contract if it meets the requirements under subsection 53(1).
Initiation fees
61No supplier shall
(a) charge a consumer more than one initiation fee for personal development services, or
(b) charge an initiation fee that is greater than twice the annual membership fee.
Division E
Gift Cards
Application
62(1)Subject to subsection (2), this Division applies to a gift card agreement entered into, amended or renewed on or after the commencement of this section in which
(a) the supplier or consumer is a resident of or located in the Province, or
(b) the offer or acceptance is made in or sent from within the Province.
62(2)This Division does not apply to
(a) a cash card as defined in section 146,
(b) a cash card as defined in section 209,
(c) a gift card for any goods or services prescribed by regulation, or
(d) a gift card issued or sold for a purpose prescribed by regulation.
No expiry date
63(1)No supplier shall issue or sell a gift card that has an expiry date unless it is permitted by the regulations.
63(2)If a gift card is issued or sold with an expiry date in contravention of subsection (1) but is otherwise valid, it is redeemable as if it had no expiry date.
63(3)A gift card that is issued or sold without an expiry date is valid until fully redeemed or replaced.
Limit on fees
64(1)No supplier shall issue or sell a gift card for less than the value of the payment made by the consumer who purchases the gift card.
64(2)No supplier shall charge a fee to a consumer who purchases or holds a gift card for anything in relation to the gift card unless it is permitted by the regulations.
64(3)A consumer who paid a fee that was charged in contravention of subsection (2) may demand a refund of that fee by giving written notice to the supplier who charged the fee within one year after the date the fee was paid.
64(4)A supplier who receives a notice demanding a refund under subsection (3) shall provide the refund within 15 days after receiving the notice.
Refund of balance on gift card
65(1)If the monetary value remaining on a gift card is below the amount prescribed by regulation, a consumer may demand a refund of the amount remaining on the gift card by giving written notice to the supplier of the gift card.
65(2)A supplier who receives a notice demanding a refund under subsection (1) shall provide the refund within 15 days after receiving the notice.
Disclosure of information
66(1)A supplier shall clearly disclose the following information at the time a gift card is issued or sold:
(a) all restrictions, limitations, terms and conditions imposed in respect of the use, redemption or replacement of the gift card, including any permitted fee or expiry date;
(b) a description of how a consumer can obtain information respecting the gift card, including any remaining balance; and
(c) any other information required by regulation.
66(2)The information referred to in subsection (1) shall be provided in the manner and form prescribed by regulation.
Division F
Rewards Points
Application
67(1)Subject to subsection (2), this Division applies to a rewards points agreement that is entered into, amended or renewed on or after the commencement of this section in which
(a) the supplier or consumer is a resident of or located in the Province, or
(b) the offer or acceptance is made in or sent from within the Province.
67(2)This Division does not apply to a rewards points agreement
(a) that provides for the exchange of rewards points for goods or services with a value below the amount prescribed by regulation, or
(b) that meets the requirements prescribed by regulation.
Disclosure of information before entering agreement
68(1)Before entering into a rewards points agreement with a consumer, a supplier shall disclose to the consumer the information prescribed by regulation.
68(2)The information referred to in subsection (1) shall be provided in the manner and form prescribed by regulation.
Expiry of rewards points
69(1)No supplier shall enter into or amend a rewards points agreement to provide for the expiry of rewards points due to the passage of time alone unless it is permitted by the regulations.
69(2)For greater certainty, a supplier contravenes subsection (1) if the rewards points agreement provides that rewards points expire after a certain period of time unless the consumer actively requests that the rewards points do not expire or that the rewards points be reinstated.
69(3)No supplier shall enter into or amend a rewards points agreement to provide for the expiry of rewards points following the conversion of the rewards points into another unit of exchange unless it is permitted by the regulations.
69(4)Subject to this section and to any limits prescribed by regulation, a supplier may enter into or amend a rewards points agreement to provide for the expiry of rewards points due to reasons other than the passage of time alone.
Termination of rewards points agreements
70(1)On providing notice to the other party, the supplier or the consumer may terminate a rewards points agreement, and if the rewards points agreement so provides, the consumer’s accumulated rewards points may expire.
70(2)If a supplier terminates the portions of a consumer agreement that relate to rewards points but not the portions of the consumer agreement that do not relate to rewards points, it constitutes a termination for the purpose of subsection (1).
Unilateral amendments to rewards points agreements
71Subject to any limits prescribed by regulation, a supplier may unilaterally amend a rewards points agreement provided that the rewards points agreement
(a) specifies the terms and conditions or provisions that may be amended unilaterally, and
(b) requires the supplier to send a written notice to the consumer within the period prescribed by regulation that clearly and legibly sets out
(i) the new or amended provision and, if applicable, the provision as it read previously, and
(ii) the date the amendment takes effect.
Provision of rewards points agreement unenforceable
72Any provision or part of a rewards points agreement that contravenes this Division or that fails to comply with the regulations with respect to rewards points is unenforceable, but this does not invalidate the remaining provisions of the rewards points agreement.
5
DIRECT SELLERS
Definitions
73The following definitions apply in this Part.
“direct sales contract” means a contract that is a consumer agreement that is entered into in person at a place other than the supplier’s place of business. (contrat de démarchage)
“direct selling” means soliciting, negotiating or entering into a direct sales contract.(démarchage)
“salesperson” means an authorized agent of a supplier. (représentant)
Application
74(1)Subject to this section, this Part applies to direct selling in the Province.
74(2)This Part does not apply to direct selling at
(a) an agricultural show or fair,
(b) an art show or fair,
(c) an auction,
(d) a craft show or fair,
(e) a market,
(f) a temporary kiosk at a shopping mall,
(g) a trade show or fair, and
(h) any place prescribed by regulation.
74(3)This Part does not apply to the direct selling of the following goods:
(a) perishable food or perishable food products;
(b) daily or weekly newspapers;
(c) gasoline or motive fuel as defined in the Gasoline and Motive Fuel Tax Act;
(d) primary forest products;
(e) coal;
(f) fishing equipment;
(g) farm implements;
(h) feed grain;
(i) feed supplements;
(j) fertilizer;
(k) weed spray;
(l) nursery stock; and
(m) any goods prescribed by regulation.
74(4)This Part does not apply to the direct selling of the following services:
(a) the treatment of feed, seed grain or growing crops;
(b) the breeding, care or treatment of livestock;
(c) custom tilling, seeding or harvesting; and
(d) any service prescribed by regulation.
74(5)This Part does not apply to direct selling by a person in the course of business that the person is authorized to carry on under the Real Estate Agents Act, the Insurance Act, the Securities Act, the Private Occupational Training Act or the Motor Vehicle Act.
74(6)This Part does not apply to a direct sales contract for goods or services with a value of  $100 or less.
Supplier deemed to be a direct seller
75For the purposes of this Part, a supplier shall be deemed to be engaged in direct selling whether the supplier is engaged in direct selling personally or through a salesperson.
Licensing
76(1)Subject to subsection (3), a supplier shall not engage in direct selling except under the authority of a valid direct seller’s licence issued under Part 12.
76(2)Subject to subsection (5), a salesperson of a supplier shall not engage in direct selling except under the authority of a valid salesperson’s licence issued under Part 12.
76(3)Subject to subsection (5), the holder of a direct seller’s licence issued under Part 12 shall not engage in direct selling personally except under the authority of a valid salesperson’s licence issued under that Part, whether the individual holds the licence as the supplier, or, if the supplier is a corporation, the individual is an officer of the supplier.
76(4)An individual who holds a salesperson’s licence
(a) shall not engage in direct selling except when the individual is a genuine agent of a supplier, and
(b) shall act as a salesperson only for the supplier specified in the individual’s salesperson’s licence.
76(5)A salesperson of a supplier may engage in direct selling without a valid salesperson’s licence if:
(a) the average value of the goods or services supplied by the supplier to any one consumer under a direct sales contract is below the amount prescribed by regulation;
(b) the supplier satisfies the requirements of section 77 and any requirements prescribed by regulation;
(c) the salesperson satisfies the requirements prescribed by regulation, if any; and
(d) the Director is satisfied that it is not prejudicial to the public interest.
76(6)For greater certainty, an individual may hold more than one valid salesperson’s licence issued under Part 12 concurrently, and each licence authorizes the salesperson to engage in direct selling as a salesperson for the supplier specified in the licence.
Identification requirements – salespersons who don’t hold licences
77(1)A supplier shall provide to any salesperson of the supplier who is not required to hold a salesperson’s licence an identification card containing the following information:
(a) the salesperson’s name;
(b) the supplier’s name and address;
(c) the signature of the supplier or, if the supplier is a corporation, of an officer of the corporation; and
(d) any other information prescribed by regulation.
77(2)A salesperson who has received an identification card from a supplier is not authorized to engage in direct selling without a salesperson’s licence if the supplier ceases to hold a direct seller’s licence.
77(3)If a salesperson who has received an identification card from a supplier is no longer authorized to engage in direct selling as an agent of the supplier, the salesperson shall surrender the identification card to
(a) the supplier, or
(b) the Director if the supplier no longer holds a direct seller’s licence.
Requirement to produce licence or identification card on request
78(1)If a supplier who holds a direct seller’s licence is engaged in direct selling, the supplier shall produce the licence for inspection when requested to do so by a consumer.
78(2)If a salesperson who holds a salesperson’s licence is engaged in direct selling, the salesperson shall produce the licence for inspection when requested to do so by a consumer.
78(3)If a salesperson who has received an identification card from a supplier under subsection 77(1) is engaged in direct selling, the salesperson shall produce the identification card for inspection when requested to do so by a consumer.
78(4)A supplier who holds a direct seller’s licence shall produce the licence for inspection when requested to do so by the Director.
78(5)A salesperson who holds a salesperson’s licence shall produce the licence for inspection when requested to do so by the Director.
78(6)A salesperson who has received an identification card from a supplier under subsection 77(1) shall produce the identification card for inspection when requested to do so by the Director.
Requirements for direct sales contracts
79A direct sales contract shall be in writing and shall
(a) be signed by the supplier or a salesperson of the supplier and by the consumer,
(b) be in the format that is required by the regulations,
(c) contain the information that is required by the regulations,
(d) include a statement of cancellation rights that
(i) is in the format that is required by the regulations, and
(ii) contains the information required by the regulations, and
(e) meet any other requirements specified in the regulations.
Requirement for a lease that is a direct sales contract
80A lease that is a direct sales contract shall not be for an indefinite term.
Requirement to provide copy of direct sales contract
81A person engaged in direct selling with a consumer shall provide the consumer with a copy of the direct sales contract that is in accordance with section 79 and the regulations at the time the contract is entered into.
Assignment of direct sales contract
82A supplier who assigns or subcontracts the supplier’s obligation under a direct sales contract shall provide the consumer with the name and address of the assignee or subcontractor in writing within three days after that assignment or subcontracting.
Cancellation
83(1)A consumer may cancel a direct sales contract within ten days after the consumer is provided with a copy of the direct sales contract under section 81.
83(2)A consumer may cancel a direct sales contract within one year after entering into the contract if
(a) the supplier did not hold the licence referred to in subsection 76(1) or the licences referred to in subsections 76(1) and (3), as the case may be, at the time the consumer entered into the direct sales contract,
(b) the salesperson was required to hold the licence referred to in subsection 76(2) and did not at the time the consumer entered into the direct sales contract,
(c) the supplier has in respect of the direct sales contract failed to comply with a term, condition or restriction to which the supplier’s licence is subject,
(d) the salesperson has in respect of the direct sales contract failed to comply with a term, condition or restriction to which the salesperson’s licence is subject,
(e) the supplier or the salesperson does not provide the consumer with a direct sales contract and statement of cancellation rights that are in accordance with section 79 and the regulations, or
(f) the supplier or the salesperson fails to
(i) deliver the goods within 30 days after
(A) the delivery date specified in the direct sales contract or an amended delivery date agreed to in writing or electronic form by the consumer and the supplier or the salesperson, or
(B) the date the direct sales contract is entered into if a delivery date is not specified in the contract or a later written agreement, or
(ii) begin to supply the services within 30 days after
(A) the date specified in the direct sales contract or an amended date agreed to in writing or electronic form by the consumer and the supplier or the salesperson, or
(B) the date the direct sales contract is entered into if a date is not specified in the contract or a later written agreement.
83(3)A consumer who accepts the delivery of the goods or the supply of the services under a direct sales contract after the 30-day period referred to in paragraph (2)(f) is not entitled to cancel the direct sales contract under that paragraph.
83(4)If in the opinion of the Court of King’s Bench it is inequitable that paragraph (2)(f) should apply, the court may make any order that it considers appropriate.
83(5)The cancellation rights under this section in respect of a direct sales contract are in addition to and do not affect any other rights or remedy the consumer has under or in respect of the direct sales contract or at law in the province or territory in which the consumer resides.
83(6)If credit is extended or arranged by a supplier or a salesperson of the supplier in connection with a direct sales contract and the credit agreement is conditional on the direct sales contract, a cancellation of the direct sales contract under this section has the effect of cancelling the credit agreement.
Notice of cancellation
84(1)A direct sales contract is cancelled under section 83 when the consumer gives a notice of cancellation in accordance with this section.
84(2)A consumer may give a notice of cancellation to the supplier or to a salesperson of the supplier by
(a) personal service on the supplier or on a salesperson of the supplier, or
(b) sending it to the supplier or to a salesperson of the supplier by registered mail, prepaid courier, fax or any other method that permits the consumer to provide evidence of the cancellation.
84(3)A notice of cancellation shall be deemed to be given to the supplier or salesperson of the supplier if
(a) it is delivered or sent to the address for notice specified for that purpose in the direct sales contract, or
(b) if an address for notice is not specified in the direct sales contract, the notice of cancellation is delivered or sent to the address for service provided for in section 274.
84(4)A notice of cancellation that is given in accordance with paragraph (2)(b) shall be deemed to be given when it is sent.
84(5)Subject to subsections (2), (3) and (4), a notice of cancellation is adequate if it indicates the intention of the consumer to cancel the direct sales contract.
Obligations on cancellation
85(1)When a direct sales contract is cancelled under section 83,
(a) within 15 days after the notice of cancellation has been delivered or sent, the supplier shall
(i) refund the money received under the direct sales contract to the consumer, and
(ii) if goods were taken by the supplier as a trade-in, return them to the consumer in as good a condition as they were in when they were taken in trade, or if the supplier is not able to do that, pay to the consumer the greater of
(A) the market value of the goods at the time they were taken in trade, and
(B) the price or value of the goods specified in the direct sales contract, and
(b) in the case of a direct sales contract respecting goods, on receiving everything to be refunded, returned or paid to the consumer under paragraph (a), the consumer shall return the goods to the supplier in as good a condition as they were in when they were delivered.
85(2)On receiving a notice of cancellation, the supplier shall fulfil the supplier’s obligations under subsection (1) before attempting to renegotiate the direct sales contract or to negotiate another direct sales contract with the consumer, and any direct sales contract for the sale of the same or substitute goods or services subsequently made between the supplier and the consumer is a new direct sales contract that is subject to all the provisions of this Part.
85(3)When a direct sales contract is cancelled under section 83, the supplier is entitled to reasonable compensation for the portion of the goods consumed by the consumer and for the services partially performed by the supplier, but the suppliers’ rights do not arise under this subsection until the supplier fulfils the supplier’s obligations under subsection (1).
85(4)If a consumer has cancelled a direct sales contract under section 83 and has not met the consumer’s obligations under this section, the supplier or the person to whom the obligation is owed may commence an action in the Court of King’s Bench.
Soliciting at consumer’s dwelling requires prior request
86(1)No supplier or salesperson of a supplier shall, while at a consumer’s dwelling or at any other place prescribed by regulation, solicit the consumer to enter into a direct sales contract for the supply of any goods or services prescribed by regulation or enter into such a direct sales contact unless the consumer has initiated contact with the supplier or salesperson and has specifically requested that the supplier or salesperson attend at the consumer’s dwelling or the place prescribed by regulation for the purpose of entering into a direct sales contract.
86(2)A direct sales contract entered into in contravention of subsection (1) is void.
86(3)The methods by which and the circumstances in which a consumer initiates contact with a supplier for the purpose of subsection (1) shall be prescribed by regulation.
Requirements – gifts, premiums, prizes or other benefits
87No supplier or salesperson of a supplier shall give or offer to give, directly or indirectly, any gift, premium, prize or other benefit of any kind to a consumer unless
(a) the retail value of the gift, premium, prize or benefit is accurately disclosed to the consumer and not included in the price of the goods or services supplied under the direct sales contract,
(b) whether the gift, premium, prize or benefit is redeemable or otherwise available in the Province is accurately disclosed to the consumer,
(c) the gift, premium, prize or benefit is not contingent on the consumer entering into the direct sales contract,
(d) the gift, premium, prize or benefit does not constitute any part of the goods or services supplied under the direct sales contract, and
(e) the gift, premium, prize or benefit satisfies any other requirements prescribed by regulation.
Prohibition – incentives to solicit others
88Unless it is permitted by the regulations, no supplier or salesperson of a supplier shall give, offer to give or promise to give, directly or indirectly, any gift, premium, prize or other benefit of any kind to a consumer, or to any person on the consumer’s behalf, on the condition that the consumer or person will provide the supplier or salesperson with assistance of any kind in furthering any attempt by the supplier or salesperson to solicit another person to enter into a direct sales contract.
Prohibition – direct selling of noncompliant goods or services
89No supplier or salesperson of a supplier shall enter into a direct sales contract in relation to
(a) goods that on delivery do not comply with an Act or regulation of the Legislature or of Canada, or
(b) services that on completion do not comply with an Act or regulation of the Legislature or of Canada.
Onus of proof
90In a proceeding in which a question arises as to whether this Part applies to a direct sales contract, the onus is on the supplier to establish that the Part does not apply to that contract.
Direct sales contract for several items
91If several items of goods or several services are purchased as part of one transaction, that transaction is deemed to be one direct sales contract for the purposes of this Part.
Suppliers to provide information re direct sales contracts
92(1)The Director may request a supplier to provide a list of the names and addresses of the consumers with whom the supplier has entered into a direct sales contract.
92(2)When the Director makes a request under subsection (1), the Director shall specify the period in respect of which the names and addresses are to be provided.
92(3)When requested to do so by the Director under this section, a supplier shall provide a list of the names and addresses of the consumers with whom the supplier has entered into a direct sales contract.
6
COST OF CREDIT DISCLOSURE
Division A
Definitions, Interpretation and Application
Definitions
93The following definitions apply in this Part.
“advance” means value received, within the meaning of section 96, by the borrower or lessee.(avance)
“APR” means the annual percentage rate calculated in accordance with the regulations. (TAP)
“borrower” means an individual who has entered into, or who is negotiating to enter into, a credit agreement for personal, family or household purposes who receives or will receive credit from a credit grantor, but does not include a guarantor.(emprunteur)
“brokerage fee” means an amount that a borrower pays or agrees to pay to a credit broker for the credit broker’s services in arranging, negotiating or facilitating or attempting to arrange, negotiate or facilitate an extension of credit to the borrower, and includes an amount that is(frais de courtage)
(a) deducted from the value received or to be received by a borrower in connection with a credit agreement, and
(b) paid to the credit broker by the credit grantor.
“cash customer” means a person who buys goods or services and who provides full payment for the goods or services at or before the time of their receipt.(consommateur payant comptant)
“cash price” , in relation to goods or services, means,(prix au comptant)
(a) for a sale to a borrower by a credit grantor, or by an associate of the credit grantor, who sells the goods or services to cash customers in the ordinary course of business,
(i) an amount that fairly represents the price at which the credit grantor, or the associate of the credit grantor, sells the goods or services to cash customers, or
(ii) if the credit grantor, or the associate of the credit grantor, and the borrower agree on a lower price, that lower price,
(b) for a sale to which paragraph (a) does not apply, the price agreed on by the credit grantor, or by the associate of the credit grantor, and the borrower, or
(c) for an advertisement published by or on behalf of a credit grantor, the price at which the goods or services are currently offered by the credit grantor, or by an associate of the credit grantor, to cash customers or, if the credit grantor or associate does not currently offer the goods or services to cash customers, the price stated in the advertisement.
“cash value” in relation to leased goods, means(valeur au comptant)
(a) if the lessor sells similar goods to cash customers in the ordinary course of business,
(i) a value that fairly represents the price at which the lessor sells similar goods to cash customers, or
(ii) if the lessor and lessee agree on a lower value, that value, or
(b) if the lessor does not sell similar goods to cash customers in the ordinary course of business,
(i) the lessor’s reasonable estimate of the price at which cash customers would buy the leased goods, or
(ii) if the lessor and lessee agree on a lower value, that value.
“credit broker” means a person who, for compensation, arranges, negotiates or facilitates or attempts to arrange, negotiate or facilitate an extension of credit from a credit grantor to a borrower.(courtier en crédit)
“credit card” means a card or other device that can be used to obtain advances under a credit agreement for open credit.(carte de crédit)
“credit card holder” means an individual who is a borrower in relation to a credit card.(titulaire d’une carte de crédit)
“credit sale” means the sale of goods or services in which the purchase is financed by the seller or manufacturer, or by an associate of the seller or manufacturer, but does not include the sale if(vente à crédit)
(a) the credit agreement in relation to the sale requires that the full amount of the sale price of the goods or services be paid in a single payment within a specified period after a written invoice or statement of account is delivered to the buyer,
(b) the sale is unconditionally interest free during the period referred to in paragraph (a),
(c) the sale is unsecured, apart from any lien that may arise by operation of law,
(d) the sale is not assigned in the ordinary course of the credit grantor’s business other than as security, and
(e) the sale does not provide for any non-interest finance charges.
“default charge” means a charge imposed on a borrower or lessee who fails to make a payment as it comes due under a credit agreement or lease or who fails to comply with any other obligation under a credit agreement or lease, but does not include interest on an overdue payment.(frais de défaut de paiement)
“fixed credit” means credit extended under a credit agreement that is not for open credit.(crédit fixe)
“floating rate” means an interest rate that bears a specified mathematical relationship to an index rate, and includes an interest rate that(taux variable)
(a) is subject to a minimum or maximum, or
(b) is determined at the beginning of a period and applies throughout the period, regardless of changes in the index rate during the period.
“grace period” means a period during which interest accrues but will be forgiven if the borrower satisfies conditions specified in the credit agreement.(délai de grâce)
“high-ratio mortgage” means high-ratio mortgage as defined in the regulations.(prêt hypothécaire à proportion élevée)
“index rate” means a rate that, in accordance with the terms of a credit agreement, is made available to a borrower, at least weekly,(taux indiciel)
(a) in a written publication that has general circulation in the Province, or
(b) in some other manner that can reasonably be expected to make the rate available to the borrower.
“interest-free period” means a period following the making of an advance during which interest does not accrue on the advance.(période sans intérêt)
“mortgage loan” means a loan of money secured by a charge against real property.(prêt hypothécaire)
“non-interest finance charge” means any charge that a borrower is required to pay in connection with a credit agreement, other than(frais financiers autres que l’intérêt)
(a) interest,
(b) a prepayment charge,
(c) a default charge,
(d) a charge for an optional service,
(e) an expense, charge or fee referred to in paragraph 96(1)(f), (g) or (h), or a thing prescribed for the purposes of paragraph 96(1)(i), or
(f) in the case of a credit sale, any charge that would also be payable by a cash customer.
“open credit” means credit extended under a credit agreement if the credit agreement(crédit à découvert)
(a) anticipates multiple advances that are to be made when requested by the borrower in accordance with the credit agreement, and
(b) does not establish the total amount to be advanced to the borrower under the credit agreement, although it may impose a credit limit.
“optional service” means a service that is offered to a borrower or lessee in connection with a credit agreement or lease and that the borrower or lessee does not have to accept in order to enter into the credit agreement or lease.(service facultatif)
“outstanding balance” means the total amount owing at any particular time under a credit agreement.(solde impayé)
“payment” means value given, within the meaning of subsection 96(3), by the borrower or lessee. (versement)
“payment period” means an interval into which the term of a credit agreement or lease is divided for the purpose of determining the amount of and timing of payments.(période de paiement)
“periodic payment” means the payment that, under a credit agreement or lease, is to be made in respect of each payment period.(versement périodique)
“scheduled-payments credit agreement” means a credit agreement for fixed credit under which the amount advanced is to be repaid in accordance with a specified schedule of payments that may be adjusted to accommodate contingencies, including changes in the interest rate.(convention de crédit prévoyant un remboursement à échéances fixes)
“security interest” means any interest in property that secures the borrower’s obligations under a credit agreement.(sûreté)
“term” means,(durée)
(a) in relation to the duration of a credit agreement, the period between the first advance and the last payment anticipated by the credit agreement, or
(b) in relation to the duration of a lease, the period during which the lessee is entitled to retain possession of the leased goods.
“total cost of credit” means the amount determined by calculating, subject to the conditions and assumptions contained in the regulations and disregarding the possibility of prepayment or default, the difference between(coût total du crédit)
(a) the value given or to be given, within the meaning of subsection 96(3), by the borrower in connection with a credit agreement or by the lessee in connection with a lease, and
(b) the value received or to be received, within the meaning of subsection 96(1), by the borrower in connection with a credit agreement or by the lessee in connection with a lease.
Interpretation of “cash price”
94For the purposes of the definition “cash price” in section 93, taxes and any other charges payable by a cash customer shall be included in the cash price when determining the amount advanced under a credit agreement.
Interpretation of “goods or services”
95In this Part, a reference to “goods or services” includes both goods and services, unless the context otherwise requires, but does not include the extension of credit.
Value received and value given
96(1)Subject to subsection (2), the following constitute value received or to be received by a borrower in connection with a credit agreement or by a lessee in connection with a lease:
(a) money transferred or to be transferred by the credit grantor or lessor to the borrower or lessee or to the order of the borrower or lessee;
(b) in the case of a credit agreement, the cash price of goods or services purchased or to be purchased by the borrower from the credit grantor or an associate of the credit grantor;
(c) in the case of a lease, the cash value of goods leased or to be leased by the lessee from the lessor;
(d) the amount of a pre-existing monetary obligation of the borrower or lessee that is paid, discharged or consolidated or is to be paid, discharged or consolidated by the credit grantor or lessor;
(e) the amount of money obtained or to be obtained or the cash price of goods or services obtained or to be obtained through the use of a credit card;
(f) charges for any of the following expenses if the credit grantor or lessor has incurred or is to incur the expense for the purpose of arranging, documenting, insuring or securing the credit agreement or lease and then charges the expense to the borrower or lessee:
(i) fees paid to a third party to record or register a document or information in, or to obtain a document or information from, a public registry of interests in real or personal property;
(ii) fees for professional services required for the purpose of confirming the value, condition, location or conformity to law of property that serves as security for the credit agreement or lease if the borrower or lessee
(A) is given a report signed by the person providing the professional services, and
(B) may give the report referred to in clause (A) to third persons;
(iii) premiums for insurance that protects the credit grantor against the borrower’s default on a high-ratio mortgage;
(iv) premiums for, in the case of a credit agreement, casualty insurance on the subject matter of a security interest if the borrower is a beneficiary of the insurance and the insured amount is the full insurable value of the subject matter;
(v) premiums for, in the case of a lease, casualty insurance on leased goods if the lessee is a beneficiary of the insurance and the insured amount is the full insurable value of the leased goods;
(vi) premiums for any insurance provided or paid for by the credit grantor or lessor in connection with the credit agreement or lease if the insurance is optional; and
(vii) application fees for insurance referred to in subparagraph (iii);
(g) fees for services provided or to be provided by the credit grantor to maintain a tax account on a high-ratio mortgage;
(h) charges for shares in a credit union that a borrower must buy as a condition of entering into a credit agreement with the credit union; and
(i) any other thing prescribed by regulation.
96(2)The following do not constitute value received or to be received by a borrower in connection with a credit agreement or by a lessee in connection with a lease unless they relate to an optional service, to an expense, charge or fee referred to in paragraph (1)(f), (g) or (h), or to a thing prescribed for the purposes of paragraph (1)(i):
(a) insurance provided or paid for or to be provided or paid for by the credit grantor or lessor in connection with the credit agreement or lease;
(b) money paid or to be paid, an expense incurred or to be incurred or anything done or to be done by the credit grantor or lessor for the purpose of arranging, documenting, securing, administering or renewing the credit agreement or lease; and
(c) any other thing prescribed by regulation.
96(3)The following constitute value given or to be given by a borrower in connection with a credit agreement or by a lessee in connection with a lease:
(a) money or property transferred or to be transferred from the borrower or lessee to the credit grantor or lessor for any purpose in connection with the credit agreement or lease;
(b) money or property transferred or to be transferred from the borrower or lessee to a person other than the credit grantor or lessor in respect of a charge for services that the credit grantor or lessor requires the borrower or lessee to obtain or pay for in connection with the credit agreement or lease, unless the charge
(i) is for an expense to which paragraph (1)(f) or regulations under paragraph (1)(i) would have applied if the expense had been incurred initially by the credit grantor or lessor and then charged by the credit grantor or lessor to the borrower or lessee,
(ii) is for services provided by a lawyer chosen by the borrower or lessee, or
(iii) is for title insurance provided by an insurer chosen by the borrower or lessee; and
(c) any other thing prescribed by regulation.
96(4)Despite subsections (1) and (3), amounts paid into or out of a tax account for a mortgage loan are not included when calculating the APR and total cost of credit.
Statement of purpose for entering credit agreement or lease
97A person may rely on a statement made by an individual in a credit agreement, lease or other document regarding the purpose for which the individual has entered into or is to enter into a credit agreement or lease if
(a) the statement is signed by the individual, and
(b) the person believes in good faith that the statement is true.
Application
98(1)Subject to subsection (2), this Part applies to
(a) credit offered, arranged or extended by a credit grantor that carries on business in the Province,
(b) credit offered, arranged or extended to a borrower who is resident in the Province,
(c) a credit agreement in which the offer or acceptance is made in or is sent from within the Province, and
(d) a lease
(i) for a term of four months or more,
(ii) for an indefinite term or that is renewed automatically until one of the parties takes positive steps to terminate it, or
(iii) that is a residual obligation lease.
98(2)This Part does not apply to
(a) a credit agreement in relation to
(i) the extension of less than $100 credit,
(ii) a high-cost credit product as defined in section 146,
(iii) a payday loan as defined in section 209,
(b) a lease that is a high-cost credit product as defined in section 146, and
(c) a financial product or service regulated under any Act prescribed by regulation.
Division B
Registration
Mandatory registration
99(1)No person shall act as a credit grantor in the ordinary course of business unless the person is registered as a credit grantor under this Part or is exempted from the application of this Part by regulation.
99(2)No person shall act as a lessor in the ordinary course of business unless the person is registered as a lessor under this Part or is exempted from the application of this Part by regulation.
99(3)No person shall act as a credit broker in the ordinary course of business unless the person is registered as a credit broker under this Part or is exempted from the application of this Part by regulation.
99(4)No person shall publish or cause to be published any statement or representation that the person is registered under this Part.
Application for registration
100(1)The Director may register a credit grantor, lessor or credit broker who submits an application for registration and who meets the requirements for registration under this Part and the regulations.
100(2)An application for registration shall be made to the Director on a form provided by the Director and shall be accompanied by
(a) in the case of a credit grantor, copies of all documents used by the credit grantor in relation to the extension of credit,
(b) in the case of a lessor, copies of all documents used by the lessor in relation to the leasing of goods,
(c) in the case of a credit broker, copies of all documents used by the credit broker in relation to arranging, negotiating or facilitating or attempting to arrange, negotiate or facilitate the extension of credit,
(d) any other document or information that the Director requires or that is prescribed by regulation, and
(e) the fee prescribed by regulation.
100(3)The Director may refuse to register a credit grantor, lessor or credit broker who fails to meet the requirements for registration under this Part and the regulations.
Effect of withdrawal, suspension or cancellation of registration
101(1)The registration of a credit grantor remains in effect for the period prescribed by regulation unless the registration is withdrawn by the credit grantor, or is suspended or cancelled by the Director, in which case, at the time of the withdrawal, suspension or cancellation, the registration ceases to have effect and the credit grantor ceases to be registered under this Part.
101(2)Despite subsection (1), a credit grantor whose registration has been withdrawn, suspended or cancelled may, if the credit grantor does not extend any new credit, continue to collect accounts receivable owing to the credit grantor at the time of the withdrawal, suspension or cancellation and, for that purpose, may renew credit agreements and otherwise deal with credit transactions originating before the withdrawal, suspension or cancellation.
101(3)The registration of a lessor remains in effect for the period prescribed by regulation unless the registration is withdrawn by the lessor, or is suspended or cancelled by the Director, in which case, at the time of the withdrawal, suspension or cancellation, the registration ceases to have effect and the lessor ceases to be registered under this Part.
101(4)Despite subsection (3), a lessor whose registration has been withdrawn, suspended or cancelled may, if the lessor does not enter into any new leases, continue to collect accounts receivable owing to the lessor at the time of the withdrawal, suspension or cancellation and, for that purpose, may renew leases and otherwise deal with lease transactions originating before the withdrawal, suspension or cancellation.
101(5)The registration of a credit broker remains in effect for the period prescribed by regulation unless the registration is withdrawn by the credit broker, or is suspended or cancelled by the Director, in which case, at the time of the withdrawal, suspension or cancellation, the registration ceases to have effect and the credit broker ceases to be registered under this Part.
Terms and conditions imposed on registration
102(1)The Director may, at any time and in accordance with the regulations, impose terms and conditions on the registration of a credit grantor, lessor or credit broker or on the suspension or cancellation of the registration of a credit grantor, lessor or credit broker.
102(2)In addition to any terms and conditions imposed in accordance with the regulations, the Director may at any time impose the terms and conditions that the Director considers appropriate on the registration of a credit grantor, lessor or credit broker or on the suspension or cancellation of the registration of a credit grantor, lessor or credit broker.
Documents to be provided to the Director
103(1)A credit grantor shall provide to the Director
(a) immediately after an amendment is made to a document required to be provided to the Director under paragraph 100(2)(a), a copy of the amended document, and
(b) on the request of the Director, a copy of any document that is used in relation to the extension of credit.
103(2)A lessor shall provide to the Director
(a) immediately after an amendment is made to a document required to be provided to the Director under paragraph 100(2)(b), a copy of the amended document, and
(b) on the request of the Director, a copy of any document that is used in relation to the leasing of goods.
103(3)A credit broker shall provide to the Director
(a) immediately after an amendment is made to a document required to be provided to the Director under paragraph 100(2)(c), a copy of the amended document, and
(b) on the request of the Director, a copy of any document that is used in relation to arranging, negotiating or facilitating or attempting to arrange, negotiate or facilitate the extension of credit.
Suspension or cancellation of registration
104(1)Subject to subsection (3), the Director may suspend or cancel the registration of a credit grantor, lessor or credit broker
(a) if the credit grantor, lessor or credit broker has failed to comply with any term or condition of the registration,
(b) if, in the opinion of the Director, the credit grantor, lessor or credit broker has contravened or has failed to comply with any provision of this Act or the regulations or any order or direction given under this Act or the regulations, or
(c) if the Director considers it to be in the public interest to suspend or cancel the registration.
104(2)If a credit grantor, lessor or credit broker has more than one branch office in the Province, the Director may suspend or cancel the registration of the credit grantor, lessor or credit broker with respect to one or more of the branch offices instead of suspending or cancelling the registration with respect to all the branch offices.
104(3)The Director shall not suspend for a period of more than 30 days or cancel the registration of a credit grantor, lessor or credit broker without giving the credit grantor, lessor or credit broker an opportunity to be heard.
Mandatory cancellation of registration
105The Director shall cancel the registration of a credit grantor, lessor or credit broker
(a) if the Director is satisfied that the credit grantor, lessor or credit broker is deceased,
(b) if the Director is satisfied that a corporation that is the credit grantor, lessor or credit broker has been dissolved, or
(c) if the credit grantor, lessor or credit broker has become bankrupt.
Notice of cancellation of registration
106The Director shall cancel the registration of a credit grantor, lessor or credit broker by giving notice of the cancellation on the website of the Commission.
Address for service and membership of partnership
107(1)In addition to providing the documents and information referred to in subsection 100(2), a credit grantor, lessor or credit broker who applies for registration shall state in the application an address for service in the Province for the credit grantor, lessor or credit broker.
107(2)Every credit grantor, lessor or credit broker required to be registered under this Part shall give the Director notice of a change in its address for service and state the new address for service in the Province within five days after the change.
107(3)If a credit grantor, lessor or credit broker required to be registered under this Part is a partnership, the credit grantor, lessor or credit broker shall give the Director notice of a change in the membership of the partnership and state the details within five days after the change in membership.
Division C
Disclosure Requirements and Rights of Borrowers and Lessees
Delivery of initial disclosure statement
108(1)Subject to subsection (3), a credit grantor shall deliver the initial disclosure statement for a credit agreement to the borrower before the earlier of
(a) the date on which the borrower enters into the credit agreement, and
(b) the date on which the borrower makes any payment in connection with the credit agreement.
108(2)A lessor shall deliver the initial disclosure statement for a lease to the lessee before the earlier of
(a) the date on which the lessee enters into the lease, and
(b) the date on which the lessee makes any payment in connection with the lease.
108(3)A credit grantor shall deliver the initial disclosure statement for a credit agreement in relation to a mortgage loan to the borrower at least two business days before the earlier of
(a) the date on which the borrower incurs any obligation to the credit grantor in connection with the credit agreement, other than an obligation in respect of an expense, charge or fee referred to in paragraph 96(1)(f) or prescribed by regulation, and
(b) the date on which the borrower makes any payment to the credit grantor in connection with the credit agreement, other than a payment in respect of an expense, charge or fee referred to in paragraph 96(1)(f) or prescribed by regulation.
108(4)The borrower under a credit agreement referred to in subsection (3) may, in accordance with the regulations, waive the two-business-day requirement referred to in that subsection, and, in that event, the credit grantor shall deliver the initial disclosure statement for the credit agreement in relation to the mortgage loan on or before the earlier of the dates referred to in paragraphs (3)(a) and (b).
Disclosure in advertisements
109If a credit grantor or lessor who publishes an advertisement or on whose behalf an advertisement is published is, as a result of disclosing certain information in the advertisement, required under this Part to include additional information in the advertisement, the credit grantor or lessor shall ensure that
(a) the additional information is disclosed prominently,
(b) if the additional information is the APR, the APR is disclosed at least as prominently as is the information that necessitated the inclusion of the APR, and
(c) if the additional information is the annual interest rate, the annual interest rate is disclosed at least as prominently as is the information that necessitated the inclusion of the annual interest rate.
Form of disclosure statements and statements of account
110(1)A credit grantor or lessor who is required to provide a disclosure statement or statement of account under this Part shall ensure that the statement
(a) is in writing or, with the consent of the borrower or lessee, in any other form that allows the borrower or lessee to retain the statement for future reference,
(b) contains the information required under this Part, and
(c) expresses the information referred to in paragraph (b) clearly, concisely, in a logical order and in a manner that is likely to bring the information to the attention of the borrower or lessee.
110(2)A disclosure statement or statement of account may be a separate document or part of another document.
Delivery of documents by credit grantors or lessors
111(1)When a credit grantor or lessor is required under this Part to deliver a disclosure statement, statement of account, notice or other document to a borrower or lessee, any of the following methods may be used:
(a) personal service;
(b) ordinary mail;
(c) registered mail;
(d) prepaid courier;
(e) fax; or
(f) with the consent of the borrower or lessee, any other method that allows the borrower or lessee to retain the disclosure statement, statement of account, notice or other document for future reference.
111(2)If there is more than one borrower under a credit agreement or more than one lessee under a lease, the credit grantor or lessor may, with the consent of all the borrowers or lessees, deliver a disclosure statement, statement of account, notice or other document to any one of the borrowers or lessees.
111(3)Subsection (2) does not apply to a notice or other document prescribed by regulation.
111(4)If the consent referred to in subsection (2) is given and delivery of a disclosure statement, statement of account, notice or other document is made to one of the borrowers under the credit agreement or one of the lessees under the lease, any other borrower under the credit agreement or any other lessee under the lease may request a separate disclosure statement, statement of account, notice or other document, and the credit grantor or lessor shall provide it free of charge within 30 days after the request.
Estimates and assumptions
112A credit grantor or lessor may base information disclosed under this Part, whether in a disclosure statement, statement of account, advertisement or otherwise, on an estimate or assumption if
(a) the disclosure depends on information that is not ascertainable by the credit grantor or lessor at the time of disclosure, and
(b) the estimate or assumption is reasonable and is clearly identified as an estimate or assumption.
Borrower or lessee may choose insurer
113(1)A borrower or lessee who is required by a credit grantor or lessor to purchase insurance may purchase it from any insurer authorized to provide that type of insurance in the Province, but the credit grantor or lessor may disapprove, on reasonable grounds, an insurer selected by the borrower or lessee.
113(2)A credit grantor or lessor who offers to provide or to arrange insurance referred to in subsection (1) shall, at the time of the offer, clearly disclose to the borrower or lessee in writing that the borrower or lessee may, subject to subsection (1), purchase the required insurance through an insurance agent and from an insurer of the borrower’s or lessee’s choice.
Cancellation – optional services
114(1)A borrower or lessee may cancel an optional service of a continuing nature that is provided by the credit grantor or lessor or an associate of the credit grantor or lessor by giving 30 days’ notice or a shorter period of notice if it is provided for by the agreement under which the service is provided.
114(2)A borrower or lessee who cancels an optional service under subsection (1)
(a) is not liable for charges relating to any portion of the service that has not been provided at the time of cancellation, and
(b) is entitled to a refund of any amount already paid for those charges.
Prepayment
115(1)This section does not apply to credit agreements in relation to mortgage loans.
115(2)A borrower is entitled to prepay the outstanding balance of a credit agreement at any time without any prepayment charge or penalty.
115(3)If a borrower prepays the outstanding balance of a credit agreement for fixed credit, the credit grantor shall refund or credit the borrower with a portion of any non-interest finance charge paid by the borrower or added to the outstanding balance.
115(4)The portion of each non-interest finance charge that shall be refunded or credited to the borrower under subsection (3) shall be calculated in accordance with the regulations.
115(5)A borrower is entitled, on any scheduled payment date or at least monthly, to prepay a portion of the outstanding balance of a credit agreement for fixed credit, without any prepayment charge or penalty, but, in that event, is not entitled to a refund or credit in respect of any non-interest finance charge.
Default charges
116(1)A credit grantor or lessor shall not impose by a credit agreement or lease any default charge other than the following:
(a) reasonable charges in respect of legal costs incurred in collecting or attempting to collect a payment;
(b) reasonable charges in respect of costs, including legal costs, incurred in realizing a security interest or protecting the subject matter of a security interest after the borrower has defaulted under a credit agreement; and
(c) reasonable charges in respect of the costs incurred by the credit grantor or lessor because a cheque or other payment instrument given by the borrower or lessee to the credit grantor or lessor was dishonoured.
116(2)For the purposes of paragraphs (1)(a) and (b), reasonable charges include solicitor and client costs.
116(3)A borrower or lessee is not liable for any default charge other than a default charge referred to in paragraph (1)(a), (b) or (c).
Invitation to defer payment
117(1)If a credit grantor or lessor invites a borrower or lessee to defer making a payment that would otherwise be due under a credit agreement or lease, the credit grantor or lessor shall clearly disclose in the invitation whether interest will accrue on the unpaid amount during the period during which payment is deferred.
117(2)If an invitation referred to in subsection (1) does not clearly state whether interest will accrue on the unpaid amount during the period during which payment is deferred, the credit grantor or lessor shall be deemed to waive the interest that would otherwise accrue during the period.
Division D
Credit Brokers
Credit brokers and non-business credit grantors
118(1)This section applies when a credit broker arranges a credit agreement involving a credit grantor that does not enter into the credit agreement in the ordinary course of business.
118(2)Sections 108, 110, 111, 112, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 133 and 134 apply with the necessary modifications to a credit broker.
118(3)Despite subsection (2), the references to “credit grantor” in paragraphs 108(3)(a) and (b), 124(1)(u), 128(3)(c), 133(1)(h) and 134(2)(b) shall continue to be read as “credit grantor” and the reference to “whether the credit grantor is willing” in subsection 128(1) shall continue to be read as “whether the credit grantor is willing”.
118(4)For the purposes of subsection (2), the reference in subsection 128(2) to “credit grantor who is willing to renew a credit agreement in relation to a mortgage loan shall” shall be read as “credit broker shall, if the credit grantor is willing to renew a credit agreement in relation to a mortgage loan,”.
118(5)If the borrower pays or is required to pay a brokerage fee, the credit broker shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for the credit agreement, in addition to containing any other information required under this Part to be disclosed,
(a) states the amount of the brokerage fee,
(b) accounts for the brokerage fee in the total cost of credit, and
(c) in the case of a credit agreement for fixed credit, accounts for the brokerage fee in the APR.
Credit brokers and business credit grantors
119(1)This section applies when a credit broker arranges a credit agreement involving a credit grantor that enters into the credit agreement in the ordinary course of business.
119(2)If the credit grantor deducts a brokerage fee from the value received or to be received by the borrower in connection with the credit agreement, the credit grantor shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for the credit agreement, in addition to containing any other information required under this Part to be disclosed,
(a) states the amount of the brokerage fee,
(b) accounts for the brokerage fee in the total cost of credit, and
(c) in the case of a credit agreement for fixed credit, accounts for the brokerage fee in the APR.
119(3)If the credit broker takes a loan application from the borrower and forwards it to the credit grantor, the credit broker shall deliver to the borrower a disclosure statement for the credit agreement containing
(a) the information referred to in subsection (2), and
(b) any other information that is required under this Part to be disclosed in an initial disclosure statement.
119(4)Section 108 applies with the necessary modifications to a disclosure statement under subsection (3).
119(5)Despite subsection (4), the references to “credit grantor” in paragraphs 108(3)(a) and (b) shall continue to be read as “credit grantor”.
119(6)If the credit broker is required to deliver a disclosure statement under subsection (3), the credit grantor may adopt the disclosure statement as its initial disclosure statement.
119(7)Subject to subsection (8), section 108 does not apply to a credit grantor who adopts a disclosure statement as its initial disclosure statement under subsection (6).
119(8)A credit grantor who adopts a disclosure statement as its initial disclosure statement under subsection (6) shall ensure that the disclosure statement contains the information required under this Part to be disclosed in an initial disclosure statement.
Division E
Fixed Credit
Application
120This Division applies to credit agreements for fixed credit.
Credit sales
121If a credit agreement is in relation to a credit sale, the credit grantor shall ensure that the credit agreement is a scheduled-payments credit agreement.
Advertising for fixed credit
122(1)This section applies in respect of advertisements that
(a) offer fixed credit, and
(b) state the interest rate or amount of any payment.
122(2)A credit grantor shall ensure that an advertisement that is published by or on behalf of the credit grantor states
(a) the APR, and
(b) the term of the credit agreement.
122(3)In addition to complying with subsection (2), the credit grantor shall ensure that
(a) an advertisement for a credit sale of specifically identified goods or services states the cash price of the goods or services, and
(b) an advertisement for a credit sale of specifically identified goods or services in connection with which any non-interest finance charge is payable states
(i) the cash price of the goods or services, and
(ii) the total cost of credit.
122(4)Despite paragraph (3)(b), an advertisement on radio, television, a billboard or another medium with similar time or space limitations is not required to state the total cost of credit.
122(5)If any of the information required to be disclosed under subsection (2) or (3) would not be the same for all credit agreements to which the advertisement relates, the credit grantor shall ensure that the information is for a representative transaction and is identified as being for a representative transaction.
122(6)For the purposes of subsection (5), a transaction is a representative transaction if its terms are typical of the terms of the credit agreements to which the advertisement relates.
Advertising interest-free periods
123(1)A credit grantor shall ensure that an advertisement that is published by or on behalf of the credit grantor and that states or implies that no interest is payable for a certain period in respect of a transaction under a credit agreement states whether
(a) the transaction is unconditionally interest free during the period, or
(b) interest accrues during the period but will be forgiven under certain conditions.
123(2)If interest accrues during the period but will be forgiven under certain conditions, the credit grantor shall ensure that the advertisement also states
(a) the conditions, and
(b) the APR for the period, assuming the conditions are not met.
123(3)An advertisement referred to in subsection (1) that does not contain the information required to be disclosed under paragraph (1)(b) and subsection (2) shall be deemed to represent that the transaction is unconditionally interest free during the relevant period.
Initial disclosure statement for fixed credit
124(1)A credit grantor shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for a scheduled-payments credit agreement contains the following information:
(a) the effective date of the statement;
(b) for a credit sale, a description of the goods or services;
(c) the outstanding balance as of the effective date of the statement, taking into account every payment made by the borrower on or before the effective date of the statement;
(d) the nature and amount of each advance, charge or payment taken into account in the outstanding balance disclosed under paragraph (c);
(e) the term of the credit agreement;
(f) the amortization period if it is longer than the term of the credit agreement;
(g) the date on which interest begins to accrue and the details of any grace period;
(h) the annual interest rate and the circumstances under which interest will be compounded;
(i) if the annual interest rate may change during the term of the credit agreement,
(i) the initial annual interest rate and the compounding period,
(ii) the method of determining the annual interest rate at any time, and
(iii) unless the amount of scheduled payments is adjusted automatically to account for changes in the annual interest rate, the lowest annual interest rate, based on the initial outstanding balance, at which the payments would not cover the interest that would accrue between payments;
(j) the nature and amount of any charges, other than interest, that are not disclosed under paragraph (d) but that will become payable by the borrower in connection with the credit agreement;
(k) the amount and timing of any advances to be made after the effective date of the statement;
(l) the amount and timing of any payments to be made after the effective date of the statement;
(m) the total of all advances made or to be made in connection with the credit agreement;
(n) the total of all payments to be made in connection with the credit agreement;
(o) the total cost of credit;
(p) the APR;
(q) the nature of any default charge provided for by the credit agreement;
(r) a description of the subject matter of any security interest;
(s) for a credit agreement in relation to a mortgage loan, a statement of the conditions, if any, under which the borrower may make prepayments, and any charge for prepayment;
(t) for a credit agreement other than a credit agreement in relation to a mortgage loan, a statement that
(i) the borrower is entitled to prepay the outstanding balance at any time without any prepayment charge or penalty, and
(ii) the borrower is entitled to prepay a portion of the outstanding balance on any scheduled payment date, or at least monthly, without any prepayment charge or penalty; and
(u) the nature, amount and timing of charges for any optional services purchased by the borrower that are payable to or through the credit grantor and the conditions under which the borrower may terminate the services.
124(2)A credit grantor shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for a credit agreement that is not a scheduled-payments credit agreement
(a) contains the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (d), (g) to (j), (m) and (p) to (u), and
(b) either states the circumstances under which the outstanding balance, or any portion of it, must be paid or specifies the provisions of the credit agreement that describe those circumstances.
Disclosure regarding changes in interest rate
125(1)If the interest rate under a credit agreement is a floating rate, the credit grantor shall, at least once every 12 months, deliver to the borrower a disclosure statement for the credit agreement containing the following information:
(a) the period covered by the statement, which shall run from the date of the disclosure statement most recently delivered to the borrower under this section or section 124;
(b) the annual interest rate at the beginning and end of the period covered by the statement;
(c) the outstanding balance at the beginning and end of the period covered by the statement; and
(d) for a scheduled-payments credit agreement, the amount and timing of all remaining payments based on the annual interest rate that applies at the end of the period covered by the statement.
125(2)If the interest rate under a credit agreement is not a floating rate but is nevertheless subject to change, the credit grantor shall, within 30 days after the date on which the annual interest rate is increased by 1% or more over the rate most recently disclosed to the borrower, deliver to the borrower a disclosure statement for the credit agreement containing the following information:
(a) the date of the statement;
(b) the new annual interest rate and the date on which the new rate took effect; and
(c) the timing and new amount of any payments to be made after the date referred to in paragraph (b).
Disclosure regarding increases in outstanding principal
126(1)Within 30 days after an increase in the outstanding principal under a scheduled-payments credit agreement, the credit grantor shall deliver to the borrower a notice in writing if
(a) the outstanding principal increases because of
(i) the compounding of interest on a missed or late payment, or
(ii) the imposition of a default charge, and
(b) as a result of the increase in the outstanding principal, the total amount of the payments that the borrower is scheduled to make over a payment period will not cover the interest that accrues during the payment period.
126(2)A notice referred to in subsection (1) shall specify
(a) that the outstanding principal has increased and why the outstanding principal has increased,
(b) that, because of the increase in the outstanding principal, the subsequent scheduled payments will not cover the interest that will accrue in each payment period, and
(c) what the outstanding balance will be at the end of the term of the credit agreement if the amount of subsequent scheduled payments is not adjusted.
Disclosure regarding amendment
127(1)This section does not apply to changes effected by a renewed agreement to which section 128 or 129 applies.
127(2)If a credit agreement is amended, the credit grantor shall, within 30 days after the amendment is made, deliver to the borrower a supplementary disclosure statement that meets the requirements of subsection (3).
127(3)A supplementary disclosure statement shall set out the information that is changed from the initial disclosure statement as a result of the amendment to the credit agreement but is not required to repeat any information that is unchanged from the initial disclosure statement.
127(4)If an amendment consists only of a revision to the schedule of payments, a supplementary disclosure statement is not required to state any change in the APR or any decrease in the total cost of credit or total payments.
Disclosure regarding renewal of a credit agreement in relation to a mortgage loan
128(1)If the amortization period for a mortgage loan under a scheduled-payments credit agreement is longer than the term of the credit agreement, the credit grantor shall, at least 21 days before the end of the term of the credit agreement, deliver to the borrower a written notice stating whether the credit grantor is willing to renew the credit agreement in relation to the mortgage loan for a further term.
128(2)A credit grantor who is willing to renew a credit agreement in relation to a mortgage loan shall include with the notice referred to in subsection (1) a disclosure statement for the renewed agreement that contains the following information and is based on the assumption that the borrower will make all payments that are due under the original credit agreement:
(a) the effective date of the renewed agreement;
(b) the outstanding balance as of the effective date of the renewed agreement;
(c) the nature and amount of any non-interest finance charges that are payable in connection with the renewed agreement;
(d) the term of the renewed agreement;
(e) the relevant interest rate information referred to in paragraph 124(1)(h) or (i);
(f) the APR;
(g) the amount and timing of all payments to be made in connection with the renewed agreement;
(h) the total of all payments to be made in connection with the renewed agreement;
(i) the total cost of credit;
(j) the amortization period; and
(k) a statement of the conditions, if any, under which the borrower may make prepayments and any charge for prepayment.
128(3)If a credit agreement in relation to a mortgage loan is to be renewed and the credit grantor does not, at least 21 days before the effective date of the renewed agreement, deliver to the borrower a disclosure statement that reflects the terms of the renewed agreement,
(a) the credit grantor shall, on or before the effective date of the renewed agreement, deliver to the borrower a disclosure statement that reflects the terms of the renewed agreement,
(b) the borrower is entitled to prepay the outstanding balance of the renewed agreement without penalty at any time within 21 days after receiving the disclosure statement referred to in paragraph (a), and
(c) the borrower, on exercising the right referred to in paragraph (b), is entitled to a refund by the credit grantor of any non-interest finance charge imposed in connection with the renewed agreement.
128(4)Subsection (3) does not apply if a credit grantor delivers to the borrower a disclosure statement for the renewed agreement at least 21 days before the effective date of the renewed agreement and the disclosure statement does not reflect the terms of the renewed agreement for any of the following reasons:
(a) the outstanding balance on the effective date of the renewed agreement differs from what was stated in the disclosure statement because of one or more missed, late, early or extra payments;
(b) the interest rate under the renewed agreement is lower than the interest rate stated in the disclosure statement; or
(c) the amortization period or frequency of payments under the renewed agreement differs from what was stated in the disclosure statement.
128(5)If subsection (4) applies, the credit grantor shall, within 30 days after the effective date of the renewed agreement, deliver to the borrower a revised disclosure statement that reflects the terms of the renewed agreement.
Disclosure regarding renewal of a credit agreement not in relation to a mortgage loan
129If a credit agreement, other than a credit agreement in relation to a mortgage loan, is renewed, the credit grantor shall deliver to the borrower on or before the effective date of the renewed agreement a disclosure statement containing the information referred to in paragraphs 128(2)(a) to (k).
Division F
Open Credit
Application
130This Division applies to credit agreements for open credit.
Advertising for open credit
131A credit grantor shall ensure that an advertisement that is published by or on behalf of the credit grantor and that gives any specific information about the cost of open credit states
(a) the current annual interest rate for the open credit, and
(b) any initial or periodic non-interest finance charges for the open credit.
Advertising interest-free periods
132(1)A credit grantor shall ensure that an advertisement that is published by or on behalf of the credit grantor and that states or implies that no interest is payable for a certain period in respect of a transaction under a credit agreement states whether
(a) the transaction is unconditionally interest free during the period, or
(b) interest accrues during the period but will be forgiven under certain conditions.
132(2)If interest accrues during the period but will be forgiven under certain conditions, the credit grantor shall ensure that the advertisement also states
(a) the conditions, and
(b) the annual interest rate for the period, assuming the conditions are not met.
132(3)An advertisement referred to in subsection (1) that does not contain the information required to be disclosed under paragraph (1)(b) and subsection (2) shall be deemed to represent that the transaction is unconditionally interest free during the relevant period.
Initial disclosure statement for open credit
133(1)A credit grantor shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for a credit agreement contains the following information:
(a) the effective date of the statement;
(b) the credit limit;
(c) the minimum periodic payment or the method of determining the minimum periodic payment;
(d) the initial annual interest rate and the compounding period;
(e) if the annual interest rate may change, the method of determining the annual interest rate at any time;
(f) the date on which interest begins to accrue on advances or different types of advances and the details of any grace period;
(g) the nature and amount, or the method of determining the amount, of any non-interest finance charges that may become payable by the borrower in connection with the credit agreement;
(h) the nature, amount and timing of charges for any optional services purchased by the borrower that are payable to or through the credit grantor and the conditions under which the borrower may terminate the services;
(i) a description of the subject matter of any security interest;
(j) the nature of any default charge provided for by the credit agreement;
(k) how often the borrower will receive statements of account; and
(l) a telephone number in accordance with subsection 134(3).
133(2)A credit grantor does not contravene subsection (1) by reason only of failing to ensure that the credit limit referred to in paragraph (1)(b) is contained in the initial disclosure statement if the credit grantor ensures that the credit limit is disclosed
(a) in the first statement of account delivered to the borrower, or
(b) in a separate statement delivered to the borrower on or before the date on which the borrower receives the first statement of account.
133(3)A credit grantor does not contravene subsection (1) by reason only of failing to ensure that information that relates to a specific transaction under the credit agreement or that information referred to in paragraph (1)(h) about optional services is contained in the initial disclosure statement if the credit grantor ensures that the information is disclosed in a separate document delivered to the borrower before the transaction occurs or the optional services are provided.
Statements of account
134(1)Subject to subsection (2), the credit grantor shall deliver to the borrower, at least monthly, a statement of account that contains the following information:
(a) the period covered by the statement, which shall run from the date of the first advance or, if a statement of account has been delivered under this section, from the date of the statement of account most recently delivered to the borrower;
(b) the outstanding balance at the beginning of the period covered by the statement;
(c) the amount, description and posting date of each transaction or charge added to the outstanding balance during the period covered by the statement;
(d) the amount and posting date of each payment or credit subtracted from the outstanding balance during the period covered by the statement;
(e) the annual interest rate or rates in effect during the period covered by the statement or any part of the period;
(f) the total of all amounts added to the outstanding balance during the period covered by the statement;
(g) the total of all amounts subtracted from the outstanding balance during the period covered by the statement;
(h) the outstanding balance at the end of the period covered by the statement;
(i) the credit limit;
(j) the minimum payment;
(k) the due date for payment;
(l) the amount that the borrower must pay on or before the due date in order to take advantage of a grace period;
(m) the borrower’s rights and obligations regarding the correction of billing errors; and
(n) a telephone number in accordance with subsection (3).
134(2)A credit grantor is not required to send a statement of account to a borrower at the end of any period during which there has been no advance or payment if
(a) the outstanding balance at the end of the period is zero, or
(b) the borrower is in default under the credit agreement and the credit grantor has
(i) demanded payment of the outstanding balance, and
(ii) notified the borrower that the privilege of obtaining advances under the credit agreement has been cancelled or suspended due to the default.
134(3)The credit grantor shall, for the purposes of paragraphs (1)(n) and 133(1)(l),
(a) provide a telephone number that the borrower can call to obtain information about the borrower’s account during the credit grantor’s normal business hours without incurring any charges for the call, and
(b) ensure that the information is available at the telephone number during those hours.
134(4)A transaction is sufficiently described for the purposes of paragraph (1)(c) if the description in the statement of account, along with any transaction record included with the statement of account or made available to the borrower at the time of the transaction, can reasonably be expected to enable the borrower to verify the transaction.
Credit card may only be issued on application
135A credit card issuer shall not issue, deliver or cause to be delivered a credit card to an individual who has not applied for the card unless the credit card that is issued to the individual is to replace or renew a credit card that was applied for and issued to that individual.
Application for credit card
136(1)A credit card issuer shall ensure that the application form for a credit card contains the following information respecting the credit agreement in relation to the credit card:
(a) if the interest rate under the credit agreement is not a floating rate, the annual interest rate;
(b) if the interest rate under the credit agreement is a floating rate, the index rate and the relationship between the index rate and the annual interest rate;
(c) the details of any grace period;
(d) the nature and amount of any non-interest finance charges that are payable or may become payable by the credit card holder; and
(e) the date as of which the information referred to in paragraphs (a) to (d) is current.
136(2)A credit card issuer does not contravene subsection (1) by reason only of failing to ensure that the application form contains the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) if the application form states a telephone number that the individual may call during the credit card issuer’s normal business hours, without incurring any charges for the call, to obtain the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) and the credit card issuer ensures that
(a) the categories of the information available at the telephone number for the purposes of this subsection appear on the application form, and
(b) the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) is available at the telephone number during the credit card issuer’s normal business hours.
136(3)If a credit card issuer communicates directly with an individual, whether in person or by mail, telephone or electronic means, for the purpose of inviting the individual to apply for a credit card, the credit card issuer shall disclose in the communication the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e).
136(4)A credit card issuer does not contravene subsection (3) by reason only of failing to disclose the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) if, in the communication, the credit card issuer discloses a telephone number that the individual may call during the credit card issuer’s normal business hours, without incurring any charges for the call, to obtain the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) and the credit card issuer ensures that
(a) the categories of the information available at the telephone number for the purposes of this subsection are disclosed to the individual in the communication, and
(b) the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) is available at the telephone number during the credit card issuer’s normal business hours.
136(5)Despite subsections (2) and (4), if an individual applies for a credit card in person, by telephone or by electronic means, the credit card issuer shall disclose the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) when the individual makes the application.
136(6)An individual who applies for a credit card without signing an application form shall be deemed, on using the credit card for the first time, to have entered into a credit agreement in relation to the credit card.
136(7)Nothing in this section relieves the credit card issuer of the requirement to deliver an initial disclosure statement referred to in sections 108, 133 and 137.
Additional disclosure for credit card
137(1)In addition to the information required to be disclosed under section 133,
(a) a credit card issuer shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for a credit agreement in relation to a credit card states the credit card holder’s maximum liability for unauthorized use of the credit card if the credit card is lost or stolen, and
(b) if a credit card holder is required under the credit agreement to pay the outstanding balance on receiving each statement of account, a credit card issuer shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for the credit agreement in relation to the credit card states
(i) that the outstanding balance is payable on receipt of each statement of account,
(ii) the period after receipt of a statement of account within which the credit card holder must pay the outstanding balance in order to avoid being in default under the agreement, and
(iii) the annual interest rate that will apply to any amount that is not paid when due.
137(2)The credit card issuer shall notify the credit card holder of any change in the information disclosed in the initial disclosure statement for the credit agreement in relation to the credit card,
(a) in the case of any of the following changes, in the next statement of account following the change or in a document that is given to the credit card holder with the next statement of account:
(i) a change in the credit limit;
(ii) a decrease in the interest rate or the amount of any other charge;
(iii) an increase in the length of an interest-free period or grace period; or
(iv) a change in a floating rate, or
(b) in the case of any other change, at least 30 days before the date that the change takes effect.
Liability of credit card holder
138(1)A credit card holder who has, orally or in writing, reported a lost or stolen credit card, or the unauthorized use of the credit card or credit card number, to the credit card issuer is not liable for any debt incurred through the use of that credit card or credit card number after the credit card issuer receives the report of the loss, theft or unauthorized use.
138(2)The maximum total liability of a credit card holder arising from the unauthorized use of a lost or stolen credit card before the credit card issuer receives notice under subsection (1) is the lesser of
(a) $50, and
(b) the maximum amount set by the credit agreement in relation to the credit card.
138(3)Subsection (2) does not apply to the use of a credit card together with a personal identification number at an automated teller machine or ATM.
Division G
Lease of Goods
Definitions
139The following definitions apply in this Division.
“assumed residual payment” means,(versement résiduel présumé)
(a) in the case of an option lease under which the option price at the end of the term is less than the estimated residual value, the option price, and
(b) in any other case, the sum of the estimated residual value and any amount that the lessee will be required to pay in the ordinary course of events at the end of the term.
“capitalized amount” means the amount calculated by(montant capitalisé)
(a) adding
(i) the cash value of the leased goods, and
(ii) the amount of any other advances made to the lessee at or before the beginning of the term, and
(b) subtracting from the amount calculated under paragraph (a) the total amount of all payments made by the lessee at or before the beginning of the term, other than
(i) any refundable security deposit, or
(ii) any periodic payment.
“estimated residual cash payment” means the amount that the lessee will be required to pay to the lessor at the end of the term of a residual obligation lease if the realizable value of the leased goods at the end of the term equals their estimated residual value.(versement résiduel estimatif en espèces)
“estimated residual value” means the lessor’s reasonable estimate of the wholesale value of the leased goods at the end of the term as estimated by the lessor at the time the lease was entered into. (valeur résiduelle estimative)
“implicit finance charge” means the amount calculated, subject to the conditions and assumptions contained in the regulations, by(frais de financement implicites)
(a) adding
(i) all non-refundable payments required to be made by the lessee at or before the beginning of, or during, the term of the lease, and
(ii) the assumed residual payment, and
(b) subtracting from the amount calculated under paragraph (a) the total amount of the advances received by the lessee.
“option lease” means a lease that gives the lessee the right to acquire title to or retain permanent possession of the leased goods by making a payment in addition to the payments required under the lease or by satisfying other specified conditions. (bail avec option)
“option price” means the amount of the additional payment that the lessee must make in order to exercise the option under an option lease. (prix de l’option)
“realizable value” , in relation to leased goods, means the actual value of the leased goods at the end of the term as calculated in accordance with the regulations. (valeur marchande)
“residual obligation lease” means a lease under which the lessee will be required at the end of the term to pay the lessor an amount based wholly or partly on the difference, if any, between the estimated residual value and the realizable value of the leased goods. (bail à obligation résiduelle)
“total lease cost” means the total of any non-refundable payments that the lessee will be required to make in the ordinary course of events. (coût total du bail)
Advertisement for lease
140(1)A lessor shall ensure that an advertisement that is published by or on behalf of the lessor and that gives specific information about the cost of a lease contains the following information respecting the lease:
(a) that the transaction is a lease;
(b) the term of the lease;
(c) the nature and amount of any payments that are payable by a lessee at or before the beginning of the term of the lease;
(d) the amount, timing and number of the periodic payments;
(e) the nature and amount of any other payments that are payable by a lessee in the ordinary course of events;
(f) the APR; and
(g) the limitations, if any, imposed in accordance with the regulations regarding extra charges that may be charged based on usage of the leased goods.
140(2)Despite subsection (1), a lessor shall ensure that an advertisement on radio, television, a billboard or another medium with similar time or space limitations that gives any specific information about the cost of a lease
(a) contains the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (d) and (f), or
(b) contains the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a), (c) and (d) and states
(i) a telephone number at which the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(b) and (f) is available during the lessor’s normal business hours and may be obtained without incurring any charges for the call, or
(ii) a reference to a written publication having general circulation in the area and containing the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(b) and (f).
140(3)If any of the information required to be disclosed under subsection (1) would not be the same for all leases to which the advertisement relates, the lessor shall ensure that the information is for a representative transaction and is identified as being for a representative transaction.
140(4)For the purposes of subsection (3), a transaction is a representative transaction if its terms are typical of the terms of the leases to which the advertisement relates.
Initial disclosure statement for lease
141(1)A lessor shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for a lease contains the following information:
(a) the effective date of the statement;
(b) that the transaction is a lease;
(c) a description of the leased goods;
(d) the term of the lease;
(e) the cash value of the leased goods;
(f) the nature and amount of any other advance received, and of each charge incurred, by the lessee in connection with the lease at or before the beginning of the term of the lease;
(g) the nature and amount of each payment made by the lessee at or before the beginning of the term of the lease;
(h) the capitalized amount;
(i) the amount, timing and number of the periodic payments;
(j) the estimated residual value of the leased goods;
(k) for an option lease,
(i) how and when the option may be exercised,
(ii) the option price if the option is exercised at the end of the term of the lease, and
(iii) the method of determining the option price if the option is exercised before the end of the term of the lease;
(l) for a residual obligation lease,
(i) the estimated residual cash payment, and
(ii) a statement that the lessee’s maximum liability at the end of the term of the lease is the sum of
(A) the estimated residual cash payment, and
(B) the estimated residual value less the realizable value of the leased goods;
(m) the circumstances, if any, under which the lessee or the lessor may terminate the lease before the end of the term of the lease and the amount, or the method of determining the amount, of any payment that the lessee will be required to make on early termination of the lease;
(n) if there are circumstances under which the lessee will be required to make a payment in connection with the lease and if that payment is not required to be disclosed under paragraphs (a) to (m),
(i) the circumstances, and
(ii) the amount of the payment or the method of determining the amount;
(o) the implicit finance charge;
(p) the APR; and
(q) the total lease cost.
141(2)The circumstances referred to in paragraph (1)(n) include unreasonable wear or excess use of the leased goods.
Disclosure regarding amendment
142(1)If a lease is amended, the lessor shall, within 30 days after the amendment is made, deliver to the lessee a supplementary disclosure statement that meets the requirements of subsection (2).
142(2)A supplementary disclosure statement referred to in subsection (1) shall set out the information that, as a result of the amendment to the lease, is changed from the initial disclosure statement but is not required to repeat any information that is unchanged from the initial disclosure statement.
142(3)If an amendment consists only of a revision to the schedule of payments, a supplementary disclosure statement referred to in subsection (1) is not required to state any change in the APR or any decrease in the implicit finance charge or the total lease cost.
Maximum liability under residual obligation lease
143The lessee’s maximum liability at the end of the term of a residual obligation lease after returning the leased goods to the lessor shall be calculated in accordance with the regulations.
Division H
General
Provision of security by credit grantor, lessor or credit broker
144The Director may require any credit grantor, lessor or credit broker to provide, in accordance with the regulations, a bond or collateral security payable to the Commission.
Assignees
145An assignee of a credit grantor’s rights under a credit agreement or a lessor’s rights under a lease has no greater rights than the assignor and takes subject to any defence that the borrower or lessee would have had against the assignor.
7
HIGH-COST CREDIT PRODUCTS
Division A
Definitions, Interpretation and Application
Definitions
146The following definitions apply in this Part.
“advance” means value received, within the meaning of section 149, by the borrower or lessee.(avance)
“APR” means the APR as defined in Part 6. (TAP)
“borrower” means an individual who has entered into, or who is negotiating to enter into, a high-cost credit agreement for personal, family or household purposes who receives or will receive credit from a high-cost credit grantor, but does not include a guarantor.(emprunteur)
“brokerage fee” means an amount that a borrower pays or agrees to pay to a credit broker for the credit broker’s services in arranging, negotiating or facilitating or attempting to arrange, negotiate or facilitate an extension of credit to the borrower, and includes an amount that is(frais de courtage)
(a) deducted from the value received or to be received by a borrower in connection with a high-cost credit agreement, and
(b) paid to the credit broker by the high-cost credit grantor.
“cash card” means a card or other device other than a credit card that(carte porte-monnaie électronique)
(a) can be used to obtain cash or acquire goods or services, and
(b) is issued by a high-cost credit grantor to a borrower instead of advancing cash or transferring money to the borrower or to the order of the borrower.
“cash customer” means cash customer as defined in Part 6.(consommateur payant comptant)
“cash price” , in relation to goods or services, means,(prix au comptant)
(a) for a sale to a borrower by a high-cost credit grantor, or by an associate of the high-cost credit grantor, who sells the goods or services to cash customers in the ordinary course of business,
(i) an amount that fairly represents the price at which the high-cost credit grantor, or the associate, sells the goods or services to cash customers, or
(ii) if the high-cost credit grantor, or the associate, and the borrower agree on a lower price, that lower price,
(b) for a sale to which paragraph (a) does not apply, the price agreed on by the high-cost credit grantor, or by the associate of the high-cost credit grantor, and the borrower, or
(c) for an advertisement published by or on behalf of a high-cost credit grantor, the price at which the goods or services are currently offered by the high-cost credit grantor, or by an associate of the high-cost credit grantor, to cash customers or, if the high-cost credit grantor or associate does not currently offer the goods or services to cash customers, the price stated in the advertisement.
“cash value” , in relation to leased goods, means,(valeur au comptant)
(a) if the lessor sells similar goods to cash customers in the ordinary course of business,
(i) a value that fairly represents the price at which the lessor sells similar goods to cash customers, or
(ii) if the lessor and lessee agree on a lower value, that value, or
(b) if the lessor does not sell similar goods to cash customers in the ordinary course of business,
(i) the lessor’s reasonable estimate of the price at which cash customers would buy the leased goods, or
(ii) if the lessor and lessee agree on a lower value, that value.
“credit broker” means a person who, for compensation, arranges, negotiates or facilitates or attempts to arrange, negotiate or facilitate an extension of credit from a high-cost credit grantor to a borrower.(courtier en crédit)
“credit card” means a card or other device that can be used to obtain advances under a high-cost credit agreement for open credit.(carte de crédit)
“credit card holder” means a credit card holder as defined in Part 6.(titulaire d’une carte de crédit)
“credit card issuer” means a person who is a high-cost credit grantor in relation to a credit card.(émetteur d’une carte de crédit)
“credit sale” means the sale of goods or services in which the purchase is financed by the seller or manufacturer, or by an associate of the seller or manufacturer, but does not include the sale if(vente à crédit)
(a) the high-cost credit agreement in relation to the sale requires that the full amount of the sale price of the goods or services be paid in a single payment within a specified period after a written invoice or statement of account is delivered to the buyer,
(b) the sale is unconditionally interest free during the period referred to in paragraph (a),
(c) the sale is unsecured, apart from any lien that may arise by operation of law,
(d) the sale is not assigned in the ordinary course of the high-cost credit grantor’s business other than as security, and
(e) the sale does not provide for any non-interest finance charges.
“default charge” means a charge imposed on a borrower or lessee who fails to make a payment as it comes due under a high-cost credit agreement or a lease or who fails to comply with any other obligation under a high-cost credit agreement or a lease, but does not include interest on an overdue payment.(frais de défaut de paiement)
“fixed credit” means credit extended under a high-cost credit agreement that is not for open credit.(crédit fixe)
“floating rate” means a floating rate as defined in Part 6.(taux variable)
“grace period” means a period during which interest accrues but will be forgiven if the borrower satisfies conditions specified in the high-cost credit agreement.(délai de grâce)
“high-cost credit agreement” means a credit agreement between a high-cost credit grantor and a borrower under which credit is extended by way of a high-cost credit product.(convention de crédit à coût élevé)
“high-cost credit grantor” means a credit grantor who extends or is to extend credit to a borrower by way of a high-cost credit product. (prêteur à coût élevé)
“high-cost credit product” means (produit de crédit à coût élevé)
(a) a loan of money that meets the criteria prescribed by regulation, but does not include
(i) a payday loan,
(ii) a mortgage loan, or
(iii) a product prescribed by regulation,
(b) a credit sale that meets the criteria prescribed by regulation,
(c) a line of credit or a similar credit product that meets the criteria prescribed by regulation,
(d) a lease that meets the criteria prescribed by regulation, and
(e) a product prescribed by regulation.
“index rate” means a rate that, in accordance with the terms of a high-cost credit agreement, is made available to a borrower, at least weekly,(taux indiciel)
(a) in a written publication that has general circulation in the Province, or
(b) in some other manner that can reasonably be expected to make the rate available to the borrower.
“interest-free period” means an interest-free period as defined in Part 6.(période sans intérêt)
“mortgage loan” means a mortgage loan as defined in Part 6.(prêt hypothécaire)
“non-interest finance charge” means any charge that a borrower is required to pay in connection with a high-cost credit agreement, other than(frais financiers autres que l’intérêt)
(a) interest,
(b) a prepayment charge,
(c) a default charge,
(d) a charge for an optional service,
(e) an expense, charge or fee referred to in paragraph 149(1)(f), or a thing prescribed for the purposes of paragraph 149(1)(g), or
(f) in the case of a credit sale, any charge that would also be payable by a cash customer.
“open credit” means credit extended under a high-cost credit agreement if the high-cost credit agreement(crédit à découvert)
(a) anticipates multiple advances that are to be made when requested by the borrower in accordance with the high-cost credit agreement, and
(b) does not establish the total amount to be advanced to the borrower under the high-cost credit agreement, although it may impose a credit limit.
“optional service” means a service that is offered to a borrower or lessee in connection with a high-cost credit agreement or a lease and that the borrower or lessee does not have to accept in order to enter into the high-cost credit agreement or the lease.(service facultatif)
“outstanding balance” means the total amount owing at any particular time under a high-cost credit agreement.(solde impayé)
“payment” means value given, within the meaning of subsection 149(3), by the borrower or lessee. (versement)
“payment period” means an interval into which the term of a high-cost credit agreement or a lease is divided for the purpose of determining the amount of and timing of payments.(période de paiement)
“periodic payment” means the payment that, under a high-cost credit agreement or a lease, is to be made in respect of each payment period.(versement périodique)
“scheduled-payments high-cost credit agreement” means a high-cost credit agreement for fixed credit under which the amount advanced is to be repaid in accordance with a specified schedule of payments that may be adjusted to accommodate contingencies, including changes in the interest rate.(convention de crédit à coût élevé prévoyant un remboursement à échéances fixes)
“security interest” means any interest in property that secures the borrower’s obligations under a high-cost credit agreement.(sûreté)
“term” means,(durée)
(a) in relation to the duration of a high-cost credit agreement, the period between the first advance and the last payment anticipated by the high-cost credit agreement, or
(b) in relation to the duration of a lease, the period during which the lessee is entitled to retain possession of the leased goods.
“total cost of credit” means the amount determined by calculating, subject to the conditions and assumptions contained in the regulations and disregarding the possibility of prepayment or default, the difference between(coût total du crédit)
(a) the value given or to be given, within the meaning of subsection 149(3), by the borrower in connection with a high-cost credit agreement or by the lessee in connection with a lease, and
(b) the value received or to be received, within the meaning of subsection 149(1), by the borrower in connection with a high-cost credit agreement or by the lessee in connection with a lease.
Interpretation of “cash price”
147For the purposes of the definition “cash price” in section 146, taxes and any other charges payable by a cash customer shall be included in the cash price when determining the amount advanced under a high-cost credit agreement.
Interpretation of “goods or services”
148In this Part, a reference to “goods or services” includes both goods and services, unless the context otherwise requires, but does not include the extension of credit.
Value received and value given
149(1)Subject to subsection (2), the following constitute value received or to be received by a borrower in connection with a high-cost credit agreement or by a lessee in connection with a lease:
(a) money transferred or to be transferred by the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor to the borrower or lessee or to the order of the borrower or lessee;
(b) in the case of a high-cost credit agreement, the cash price of goods or services purchased or to be purchased by the borrower from the high-cost credit grantor or an associate of the high-cost credit grantor;
(c) in the case of a lease, the cash value of goods leased or to be leased by the lessee from the lessor;
(d) the amount of a pre-existing monetary obligation of the borrower or lessee that is paid, discharged or consolidated or is to be paid, discharged or consolidated by the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor;
(e) the amount of money obtained or to be obtained or the cash price of goods or services obtained or to be obtained through the use of a credit card;
(f) charges for any of the following expenses if the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor has incurred or is to incur the expense for the purpose of arranging, documenting, insuring or securing the high-cost credit agreement or the lease and then charges the expense to the borrower or lessee:
(i) fees paid to a third party to record or register a document or information in, or to obtain a document or information from, a public registry of interests in real or personal property;
(ii) fees for professional services required for the purpose of confirming the value, condition, location or conformity to law of property that serves as security for the high-cost credit agreement or lease if the borrower or lessee
(A) is given a report signed by the person providing the professional services, and
(B) may give the report referred to in clause (A) to third persons;
(iii) premiums for, in the case of a high-cost credit agreement, casualty insurance on the subject matter of a security interest if the borrower is a beneficiary of the insurance and the insured amount is the full insurable value of the subject matter;
(iv) premiums for, in the case of a lease, casualty insurance on leased goods if the lessee is a beneficiary of the insurance and the insured amount is the full insurable value of the leased goods; and
(v) premiums for any insurance provided or paid for by the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor in connection with the high-cost credit agreement or the lease if the insurance is optional; and
(g) any other thing prescribed by regulation.
149(2)The following do not constitute value received or to be received by a borrower in connection with a high-cost credit agreement or by a lessee in connection with a lease unless they relate to an optional service, to an expense, charge or fee referred to in paragraph (1)(f) or to a thing prescribed for the purposes of paragraph (1)(g):
(a) insurance provided or paid for or to be provided or paid for by the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor in connection with the high-cost credit agreement or the lease;
(b) money paid or to be paid, an expense incurred or to be incurred or anything done or to be done by the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor for the purpose of arranging, documenting, securing, administering or renewing the high-cost credit agreement or the lease; and
(c) any other thing prescribed by regulation.
149(3)The following constitute value given or to be given by a borrower in connection with a high-cost credit agreement or a lessee in connection with a lease:
(a) money or property transferred or to be transferred from the borrower or lessee to the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor for any purpose in connection with the high-cost credit agreement or the lease;
(b) money or property transferred or to be transferred from the borrower or lessee to a person other than the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor in respect of a charge for services that the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor requires the borrower or lessee to obtain or pay for in connection with the high-cost credit agreement or the lease, unless the charge
(i) is for an expense to which paragraph (1)(f) or regulations under paragraph (1)(g) would have applied if the expense had been incurred initially by the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor and then charged by the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor to the borrower or lessee,
(ii) is for services provided by a lawyer chosen by the borrower or lessee, or
(iii) is for title insurance provided by an insurer chosen by the borrower or lessee; and
(c) any other thing prescribed by regulation.
Statement of purpose for entering high-cost credit agreement or lease
150A person may rely on a statement made by an individual in a high-cost credit agreement, a lease or other document regarding the purpose for which the individual has entered into or is to enter into the high-cost credit agreement or the lease if
(a) the statement is signed by the individual, and
(b) the person believes in good faith that the statement is true.
Application
151(1)Subject to subsection (2), this Part applies to
(a) a high-cost credit product offered, arranged or provided by a high-cost credit grantor that carries on business in the Province,
(b) a high-cost credit product offered to, arranged for or provided to a borrower who is resident in the Province,
(c) a high-cost credit agreement in which the offer or acceptance is made in or is sent from within the Province, and
(d) a high-cost credit product that is a lease
(i) for a term of four months or more,
(ii) for an indefinite term or that is renewed automatically until one of the parties takes positive steps to terminate it, or
(iii) that is a residual obligation lease.
151(2)This Part does not apply to
(a) a high-cost credit agreement in relation to the extension of less than $100 credit,
(b) a credit agreement in relation to a payday loan as defined in section 209, and
(c) a financial product or service regulated under
(i) the Loan and Trust Companies Act,
(ii) the Credit Unions Act, or
(iii) any other Act prescribed by regulation.
Division B
Licensing
Licence required
152(1)No person shall offer, arrange or provide high-cost credit products from a location except under the authority of a valid high-cost credit business licence issued under Part 12 to the person or the person’s employer for that location.
152(2)No person shall offer, arrange or provide high-cost credit products from a location that is a website to a borrower or lessee in the Province except under the authority of a valid high-cost credit business licence issued under Part 12 to that person or the person’s employer that specifies that the person or employer may offer, arrange or provide high-cost credit products from that website.
152(3)For greater certainty, a person who wishes to offer, arrange or provide high-cost credit products from more than one location shall hold a separate valid high-cost credit business licence issued under Part 12 for each location.
Division C
Disclosure Requirements and Rights of Borrowers and Lessees
High-cost credit agreements and leases
153(1)A high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that the terms under which credit is to be extended by way of a high-cost credit product are included in a written high-cost credit agreement that is signed and dated by the borrower.
153(2)A lessor shall ensure that the terms of a lease that is a high-cost credit product are included in a written lease that is signed and dated by the lessee.
153(3)The high-cost credit grantor or the lessor, as the case may be, shall ensure that a high-cost credit agreement or a lease
(a) includes a front page that contains any terms, information and statements prescribed by regulation,
(b) contains any other terms, information and statements prescribed by regulation, and
(c) meets any other requirements prescribed by regulation.
153(4)The high-cost credit grantor or the lessor, as the case may be, shall ensure that the terms, information and statements required under paragraphs (3)(a) and (b) are written clearly, concisely, in a logical order and in a manner that is likely to bring them to the attention of the borrower or lessee.
153(5)Before a borrower signs a high-cost credit agreement, the high-cost credit grantor shall review with the borrower any matter prescribed by regulation and require that the borrower initial each provision of the agreement that deals with a prescribed matter.
153(6)Before a lessee signs a lease that is a high-cost credit product, the lessor shall review with the lessee any matter prescribed by regulation and require that the lessee initial each provision of the lease that deals with a prescribed matter.
153(7)At the time a borrower signs a high-cost credit agreement, the high-cost credit grantor shall give the borrower a copy together with
(a) a notice of cancellation that is in a form approved by the Director containing the information prescribed by regulation, and
(b) any other document prescribed by regulation.
153(8)The requirement to give a notice of cancellation under paragraph (7)(a) does not apply to a high-cost credit agreement in relation to a credit sale.
153(9)A notice of cancellation referred to in paragraph (7)(a) may be used by the borrower for the purposes of subsection 163(4).
153(10)At the time a lessee signs a lease that is a high-cost credit product, the lessor shall give the lessee a copy together with any other document prescribed by regulation.
Renewals, extensions or amendments
154If a high-cost credit grantor wishes to extend, renew or amend a high-cost credit agreement or a lessor wishes to renew, extend or amend a lease that is a high-cost credit product, the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor, as the case may be, shall comply with any requirements prescribed by regulation.
Guidelines
155(1)To assist high-cost credit grantors in developing high-cost credit agreements that are clear and understandable, the Commission may issue guidelines about the form of those agreements.
155(2)To assist lessors in developing leases that are high-cost credit products that are clear and understandable, the Commission may issue guidelines about the form of those leases.
155(3)The Regulations Act does not apply to guidelines issued under subsection (1) or (2).
Inconsistency between disclosure statement and high-cost credit agreement or lease
156If information contained in a disclosure statement required under this Part is inconsistent with any term, information or statement contained in the high-cost credit agreement or the lease, the high-cost credit agreement or the lease is presumed to incorporate the term, information or statement that is more favourable to the borrower or lessee, unless it is proved that the less favourable term, information or statement reflects the borrower’s actual understanding of the high-cost credit agreement or the lessee’s actual understanding of the lease, as the case may be.
Delivery of initial disclosure statement
157(1)A high-cost credit grantor shall deliver the initial disclosure statement for a high-cost credit agreement to the borrower before the earlier of
(a) the date on which the borrower enters into the high-cost credit agreement, and
(b) the date on which the borrower makes any payment in connection with the high-cost credit agreement.
157(2)A lessor shall deliver the initial disclosure statement for a lease to the lessee before the earlier of
(a) the date on which the lessee enters into the lease, and
(b) the date on which the lessee makes any payment in connection with the lease.
Disclosure in advertisements
158If a high-cost credit grantor or a lessor who publishes an advertisement or on whose behalf an advertisement is published is, as a result of disclosing certain information in the advertisement, required under this Part to include additional information in the advertisement, the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor shall ensure that
(a) the additional information is disclosed prominently,
(b) if the additional information is the APR, the APR is disclosed at least as prominently as is the information that necessitated the inclusion of the APR, and
(c) if the additional information is the annual interest rate, the annual interest rate is disclosed at least as prominently as is the information that necessitated the inclusion of the annual interest rate.
Form of disclosure statements and statements of account
159(1)A high-cost credit grantor or a lessor who is required to provide a disclosure statement or a statement of account under this Part shall ensure that the statement
(a) is in writing or, with the consent of the borrower or lessee, in any other form that allows the borrower or lessee to retain the statement for future reference,
(b) contains the information required under this Part, and
(c) expresses the information referred to in paragraph (b) clearly, concisely, in a logical order and in a manner that is likely to bring the information to the attention of the borrower or lessee.
159(2)A disclosure statement or a statement of account may be a separate document or part of another document.
Delivery of documents by high-cost credit grantors or lessors
160(1)When a high-cost credit grantor or a lessor is required under this Part to deliver a disclosure statement, statement of account, notice or other document to a borrower or lessee, any of the following methods may be used:
(a) personal service;
(b) ordinary mail;
(c) registered mail;
(d) prepaid courier;
(e) fax; or
(f) with the consent of the borrower or lessee, any other method that allows the borrower or lessee to retain the disclosure statement, statement of account, notice or other document for future reference.
160(2)If there is more than one borrower under a high-cost credit agreement or more than one lessee under a lease, the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor may, with the consent of all the borrowers or lessees, deliver a disclosure statement, statement of account, notice or other document to any one of the borrowers or lessees.
160(3)Subsection (2) does not apply to a notice or other document prescribed by regulation.
160(4)If the consent referred to in subsection (2) is given and delivery of a disclosure statement, statement of account, notice or other document is made to one of the borrowers under the high-cost credit agreement or one of the lessees under the lease, any other borrower under the credit agreement or any other lessee under the lease may request a separate disclosure statement, statement of account, notice or other document, and the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor shall provide it free of charge within 30 days after the request.
Estimates and assumptions
161A high-cost credit grantor or a lessor may base information disclosed under this Part, whether in a disclosure statement, statement of account, advertisement or otherwise, on an estimate or assumption if
(a) the disclosure depends on information that is not ascertainable by the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor at the time of disclosure, and
(b) the estimate or assumption is reasonable and is clearly identified as an estimate or assumption.
Borrower or lessee may choose insurer
162(1)A borrower or lessee who is required by a high-cost credit grantor or a lessor to purchase insurance may purchase it from any insurer authorized to provide that type of insurance in the Province, but the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor may disapprove, on reasonable grounds, an insurer selected by the borrower or lessee.
162(2)A high-cost credit grantor or a lessor who offers to provide or to arrange insurance referred to in subsection (1) shall, at the time of the offer, clearly disclose to the borrower or lessee in writing that the borrower or lessee may, subject to subsection (1), purchase the required insurance through an insurance agent and from an insurer of the borrower’s or lessee’s choice.
Cancellation – high-cost credit agreement
163(1)A borrower may cancel a high-cost credit agreement within 48 hours, excluding Sundays and other holidays, after receiving the first advance or a cash card enabling the borrower to access funds under the high-cost credit agreement.
163(2)In addition to having a cancellation right under subsection (1), a borrower may cancel a high-cost credit agreement at any time if
(a) the high-cost credit grantor did not notify the borrower of the cancellation right under subsection (1),
(b) the notice of cancellation given to the borrower does not meet the requirements of subsection 153(7), or
(c) the high-cost credit grantor did not hold a licence referred to in section 152 at the time the high-cost credit grantor entered into the high-cost credit agreement with the borrower.
163(3)The cancellation rights under subsections (1) and (2) do not apply to a high-cost credit agreement in relation to a credit sale.
163(4)To cancel a high-cost credit agreement under subsection (1) or (2), the borrower shall
(a) give written notice of the cancellation to the high-cost credit grantor, and
(b) repay, by cash, certified cheque or money order or in a manner prescribed by regulation, the outstanding balance of all advances made, less any portion of the total cost of credit that was paid by or on behalf of the borrower or deducted or withheld from the advances.
163(5)For the purposes of paragraph (4)(b),
(a) if the first advance was made in the form of a cheque, a return of the unnegotiated cheque to the high-cost credit grantor shall be considered a repayment of the first advance, and
(b) if the first advance was made in the form of a cash card that enabled the borrower to access funds under the high-cost credit agreement, returning that card to the high-cost credit grantor shall be considered a repayment of the first advance to the extent of the credit balance remaining on the card.
163(6)On the cancellation of a high-cost credit agreement under this section,
(a) the high-cost credit grantor shall immediately give the borrower a receipt, that is in a form approved by the Director containing the information prescribed by regulation, for the amount that the borrower paid or returned to the high-cost credit grantor on cancelling the high-cost credit agreement, and
(b) the high-cost credit grantor shall immediately reimburse the borrower, in cash, for all amounts paid, and the value of any other consideration given, by or on behalf of the borrower in relation to the total cost of credit for the high-cost credit agreement, less any amount deducted or withheld from the advances or from the repayment of them under paragraph (4)(b).
163(7)The cancellation of a high-cost credit agreement under this section extinguishes every liability and obligation of the borrower under, or related to, the high-cost credit agreement.
163(8)No high-cost credit grantor shall charge or require or accept the payment of, or arrange for or permit any other person to charge or to require or accept the payment of, any amount or consideration for, or as a consequence of, the cancellation of a high-cost credit agreement under this section.
163(9)The cancellation rights under this section are in addition to, and do not affect, any other right or remedy the borrower has under the high-cost credit agreement or at law.
Cancellation – optional services
164(1)A borrower or lessee may cancel an optional service of a continuing nature that is provided by the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor or an associate of the high-cost credit grantor or of the lessor by giving 30 days’ notice or a shorter period of notice if it is provided for by the agreement under which the service is provided.
164(2)A borrower or lessee who cancels an optional service under subsection (1)
(a) is not liable for charges relating to any portion of the service that has not been provided at the time of cancellation, and
(b) is entitled to a refund of any amount already paid for those charges.
164(3)A high-cost credit grantor or a lessor that receives a notice of cancellation under subsection (1) shall
(a) immediately give the borrower or lessee a confirmation of the cancellation in writing or by any other method that allows the borrower or lessee to retain the confirmation, and
(b) comply with any requirements prescribed by regulation.
Prepayment
165(1)A borrower is entitled to prepay the outstanding balance of a high-cost credit agreement at any time without any prepayment charge or penalty.
165(2)If a borrower prepays the outstanding balance of a high-cost credit agreement for fixed credit, the high-cost credit grantor shall refund or credit the borrower with a portion of any non-interest finance charge paid by the borrower or added to the outstanding balance.
165(3)The portion of each non-interest finance charge that shall be refunded or credited to the borrower under subsection (2) shall be calculated in accordance with the regulations.
165(4)A borrower is entitled, on any scheduled payment date or at least monthly, to prepay a portion of the outstanding balance of a high-cost credit agreement for fixed credit without any prepayment charge or penalty but, in that event, is not entitled to a refund or credit in respect of any non-interest finance charge.
Default charges
166(1)A high-cost credit grantor or a lessor shall not impose by a high-cost credit agreement or a lease any default charge other than the following:
(a) reasonable charges in respect of legal costs incurred in collecting or attempting to collect a payment;
(b) reasonable charges in respect of costs, including legal costs, incurred in realizing a security interest or protecting the subject matter of a security interest after the borrower has defaulted under a high-cost credit agreement; and
(c) reasonable charges that reflect the costs incurred by the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor because a cheque or other payment instrument given by the borrower or lessee to the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor was dishonoured.
166(2)For the purposes of paragraphs (1)(a) and (b), reasonable charges include solicitor and client costs.
166(3)A borrower or lessee is not liable for any default charge other than a default charge referred to in paragraph (1)(a), (b) or (c).
Invitation to defer payment
167(1)If a high-cost credit grantor or a lessor invites a borrower or lessee to defer making a payment that would otherwise be due under a high-cost credit agreement or a lease, the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor shall clearly disclose in the invitation whether interest will accrue on the unpaid amount during the period during which payment is deferred.
167(2)If an invitation referred to in subsection (1) does not clearly state whether interest will accrue on the unpaid amount during the period during which payment is deferred, the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor shall be deemed to waive the interest that would otherwise accrue during the period.
Information to be posted
168(1)A high-cost credit grantor or a lessor shall prominently post signs that clearly and understandably set out the information required by the regulations in the form required by the regulations at each location for which the high-cost credit grantor or the lessor is licensed to offer, arrange or provide high-cost credit products.
168(2)For greater certainty, the requirement in subsection (1) applies with the necessary modifications to the posting of information at a location that is a website for which a high-cost credit grantor or a lessor is licensed to offer, arrange or provide high-cost credit products.
Division D
Cash Cards
Payout of balances on cash cards
169(1)In subsection (6), “delinquent borrower” means a borrower who fails to repay a high-cost credit product by the end of its term.
169(2)If a high-cost credit grantor issues a cash card to the borrower in respect of a high-cost credit product, the borrower is entitled to be paid in cash the amount of the balance of credit remaining on the card in either of the following circumstances:
(a) the balance of credit remaining on the cash card is less than the amount prescribed by regulation; or
(b) the high-cost credit product has been repaid by the borrower and the cash card has expired.
169(3)If a borrower is entitled under subsection (2) to be paid a balance of credit remaining on a cash card and returns the cash card to the high-cost credit grantor, the high-cost credit grantor shall pay the balance to the borrower, in cash, immediately on demand by the borrower or the Director.
169(4)On the return of a cash card by a borrower to a high-cost credit grantor under this section, the high-cost credit grantor shall immediately give the borrower a receipt for the cash card.
169(5)On the payment of an amount to a borrower under subsection (3), a high-cost credit grantor shall
(a) include in the receipt given to the borrower under subsection (4) a statement of the amount paid, or
(b) immediately give the borrower a separate receipt indicating the amount paid.
169(6)The balance of credit remaining on an expired cash card issued to a delinquent borrower may, in accordance with the regulations, be applied by the high-cost credit grantor as payment towards the high-cost credit product.
Division E
Prohibited Practices and Remedies
Assisting unlicensed persons prohibited
170No high-cost credit grantor and no lessor shall assist or allow any other person to assist a person to offer, arrange or provide a high-cost credit product from a location, including a location that is a website, if the person does not hold a valid high-cost credit business licence issued under Part 12 for that location.
Charging, requiring or accepting certain amounts prohibited
171 No high-cost credit grantor and no lessor shall charge, require or accept
(a) an amount that is not disclosed in the high-cost credit agreement or the lease,
(b) an amount that exceeds the amount disclosed in the high-cost credit agreement or the lease,
(c) a fee to refinance, restructure or change the terms of the high-cost credit agreement or the lease, or
(d) any other fee, penalty, charge or amount prescribed by regulation.
Early payment collection prohibited
172No high-cost credit grantor and no lessor shall collect or attempt to collect a payment before the date that payment is due under a high-cost credit agreement or a lease.
Discounts on principal prohibited
173 No high-cost credit grantor shall
(a) discount the principal amount of a high-cost credit product by deducting or withholding an amount from any advance, or
(b) draw an amount representing any portion of the total cost of credit.
Tied selling prohibited
174No high-cost credit grantor and no lessor shall make a high-cost credit product contingent on the purchase of insurance or other goods or services.
Assignment of wages prohibited
175(1)In this section, “assignment of wages” includes an order or direction by an employee to pay all or any part of their wages to another person.
175(2)An assignment of wages is not valid if it is given in consideration of a high-cost credit product or an advance under a high-cost credit product or to secure or facilitate a payment in relation to a high-cost credit product.
175(3)No high-cost credit grantor and no lessor shall request or require a person to make an assignment of wages in relation to a high-cost credit product.
Other prohibited practices
176No high-cost credit grantor and no lessor shall engage in any practice that is prohibited by regulation.
No liability for amounts charged, required or accepted in contravention of this Part
177(1)A borrower or lessee is not liable for any amount charged, required or accepted by a high-cost credit grantor or a lessor in contravention of this Part.
177(2)The high-cost credit grantor or the lessor shall reimburse the borrower or lessee for any amount referred to in subsection (1) immediately on demand by the borrower or lessee or the Director.
Division F
Credit Brokers
Credit brokers and non-business high-cost credit grantors
178(1)This section applies when a credit broker arranges a high-cost credit agreement involving a high-cost credit grantor who does not enter into the high-cost credit agreement in the ordinary course of business.
178(2)Sections 157, 159, 160, 161, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 192 and 193 apply with the necessary modifications to a credit broker.
178(3)Despite subsection (2), the references to “high-cost credit grantor” in paragraphs 184(1)(t), 192(1)(h) and 193(2)(b) shall continue to be read as “high-cost credit grantor”.
178(4)If the borrower pays or is required to pay a brokerage fee, the credit broker shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for the high-cost credit agreement, in addition to containing any other information required under this Part to be disclosed,
(a) states the amount of the brokerage fee,
(b) accounts for the brokerage fee in the total cost of credit, and
(c) in the case of a high-cost credit agreement for fixed credit, accounts for the brokerage fee in the APR.
Credit brokers and business high-cost credit grantors
179(1)This section applies when a credit broker arranges a high-cost credit agreement involving a high-cost credit grantor who enters into the high-cost credit agreement in the ordinary course of business.
179(2)If the high-cost credit grantor deducts a brokerage fee from the value received or to be received by the borrower in connection with the high-cost credit agreement, the high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for the high-cost credit agreement, in addition to containing any other information required under this Part to be disclosed,
(a) states the amount of the brokerage fee,
(b) accounts for the brokerage fee in the total cost of credit, and
(c) in the case of a high-cost credit agreement for fixed credit, accounts for the brokerage fee in the APR.
179(3)If the credit broker takes a loan application from the borrower and forwards it to the high-cost credit grantor, the credit broker shall deliver to the borrower a disclosure statement for the high-cost credit agreement containing
(a) the information referred to in subsection (2), and
(b) any other information that is required under this Part to be disclosed in an initial disclosure statement.
179(4)Section 157 applies with the necessary modifications to a disclosure statement under subsection (3).
179(5)If the credit broker is required to deliver a disclosure statement under subsection (3), the high-cost credit grantor may adopt the disclosure statement as its initial disclosure statement.
179(6)Subject to subsection (7), section 157 does not apply to a high-cost credit grantor who adopts a disclosure statement as its initial disclosure statement under subsection (5).
179(7)A high-cost credit grantor who adopts a disclosure statement as its initial disclosure statement under subsection (6) shall ensure that the disclosure statement contains the information required under this Part to be disclosed in an initial disclosure statement.
Division G
Fixed Credit
Application
180This Division applies to high-cost credit agreements for fixed credit.
Credit sales
181If a high-cost credit agreement is in relation to a credit sale, the high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that the high-cost credit agreement is a scheduled-payments high-cost credit agreement.
Advertising for fixed credit
182(1)This section applies in respect of advertisements that
(a) offer fixed credit, and
(b) state the interest rate or amount of any payment.
182(2)A high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that an advertisement that is published by or on behalf of the high-cost credit grantor states
(a) the APR, and
(b) the term of the high-cost credit agreement.
182(3)In addition to complying with subsection (2), the high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that
(a) an advertisement for a credit sale of specifically identified goods or services states the cash price of the goods or services, and
(b) an advertisement for a credit sale of specifically identified goods or services in connection with which any non-interest finance charge is payable states
(i) the cash price of the goods or services, and
(ii) the total cost of credit.
182(4)Despite paragraph (3)(b), an advertisement on radio, television, a billboard or another medium with similar time or space limitations is not required to state the total cost of credit.
182(5)If any of the information required to be disclosed under subsection (2) or (3) would not be the same for all high-cost credit agreements to which the advertisement relates, the high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that the information is for a representative transaction and is identified as being for a representative transaction.
182(6)For the purposes of subsection (5), a transaction is a representative transaction if its terms are typical of the terms of the high-cost credit agreements to which the advertisement relates.
Advertising interest-free periods
183(1)A high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that an advertisement that is published by or on behalf of the high-cost credit grantor and that states or implies that no interest is payable for a certain period in respect of a transaction under a high-cost credit agreement, states whether
(a) the transaction is unconditionally interest free during the period, or
(b) interest accrues during the period but will be forgiven under certain conditions.
183(2)If interest accrues during the period but will be forgiven under certain conditions, the high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that the advertisement also states
(a) the conditions, and
(b) the APR for the period, assuming the conditions are not met.
183(3)An advertisement referred to in subsection (1) that does not contain the information required to be disclosed under paragraph (1)(b) and subsection (2) shall be deemed to represent that the transaction is unconditionally interest free during the relevant period.
Initial disclosure statement for fixed credit
184(1)A high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for a scheduled-payments high-cost credit agreement contains the following information:
(a) the effective date of the statement;
(b) for a credit sale, a description of the goods or services;
(c) the outstanding balance as of the effective date of the statement, taking into account every payment made by the borrower on or before the effective date of the statement;
(d) the nature and amount of each advance, charge or payment taken into account in the outstanding balance disclosed under paragraph (c);
(e) the term of the high-cost credit agreement;
(f) the amortization period if it is longer than the term of the high-cost credit agreement;
(g) the date on which interest begins to accrue and the details of any grace period;
(h) the annual interest rate and the circumstances under which interest will be compounded;
(i) if the annual interest rate may change during the term of the high-cost credit agreement,
(i) the initial annual interest rate and the compounding period,
(ii) the method of determining the annual interest rate at any time, and
(iii) unless the amount of scheduled payments is adjusted automatically to account for changes in the annual interest rate, the lowest annual interest rate, based on the initial outstanding balance, at which the payments would not cover the interest that would accrue between payments;
(j) the nature and amount of any charges, other than interest, that are not disclosed under paragraph (d) but that will become payable by the borrower in connection with the high-cost credit agreement;
(k) the amount and timing of any advances to be made after the effective date of the statement;
(l) the amount and timing of any payments to be made after the effective date of the statement;
(m) the total of all advances made or to be made in connection with the high-cost credit agreement;
(n) the total of all payments to be made in connection with the high-cost credit agreement;
(o) the total cost of credit;
(p) the APR;
(q) the nature of any default charge provided for by the high-cost credit agreement;
(r) a description of the subject matter of any security interest;
(s) a statement that
(i) the borrower is entitled to prepay the outstanding balance at any time without any prepayment charge or penalty, and
(ii) the borrower is entitled to prepay a portion of the outstanding balance on any scheduled payment date, or at least monthly, without any prepayment charge or penalty; and
(t) the nature, amount and timing of charges for any optional services purchased by the borrower that are payable to or through the high-cost credit grantor and the conditions under which the borrower may terminate the services.
184(2)A high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for a high-cost credit agreement that is not a scheduled-payments high-cost credit agreement
(a) contains the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (d), (g) to (j), (m) and (p) to (t), and
(b) either states the circumstances under which the outstanding balance, or any portion of it, must be paid or specifies the provisions of the high-cost credit agreement that describe those circumstances.
Disclosure regarding changes in interest rate
185(1)If the interest rate under a high-cost credit agreement is a floating rate, the high-cost credit grantor shall, at least once every 12 months, deliver to the borrower a disclosure statement for the high-cost credit agreement containing the following information:
(a) the period covered by the statement, which shall run from the date of the disclosure statement most recently delivered to the borrower under this section or section 184;
(b) the annual interest rate at the beginning and end of the period covered by the statement;
(c) the outstanding balance at the beginning and end of the period covered by the statement; and
(d) for a scheduled-payments high-cost credit agreement, the amount and timing of all remaining payments based on the annual interest rate that applies at the end of the period covered by the statement.
185(2)If the interest rate under a high-cost credit agreement is not a floating rate but is nevertheless subject to change, the high-cost credit grantor shall, within 30 days after the date on which the annual interest rate is increased by 1% or more over the rate most recently disclosed to the borrower, deliver to the borrower a disclosure statement for the high-cost credit agreement containing the following information:
(a) the date of the statement;
(b) the new annual interest rate and the date on which the new rate took effect; and
(c) the timing and new amount of any payments to be made after the date referred to in paragraph (b).
Disclosure regarding increases in outstanding principal
186(1)Within 30 days after an increase in the outstanding principal under a scheduled-payments high-cost credit agreement, the high-cost credit grantor shall deliver to the borrower a notice in writing if
(a) the outstanding principal increases because of
(i) the compounding of interest on a missed or late payment, or
(ii) the imposition of a default charge, and
(b) as a result of the increase in the outstanding principal, the total amount of the payments that the borrower is scheduled to make over a payment period will not cover the interest that accrues during the payment period.
186(2)A notice referred to in subsection (1) shall specify
(a) that the outstanding principal has increased and why the outstanding principal has increased,
(b) that, because of the increase in the outstanding principal, the subsequent scheduled payments will not cover the interest that will accrue in each payment period, and
(c) what the outstanding balance will be at the end of the term if the amount of subsequent scheduled payments is not adjusted.
Disclosure regarding amendment
187(1)This section does not apply to changes effected by a renewed agreement to which section 188 applies.
187(2)If a high-cost credit agreement is amended, the high-cost credit grantor shall, within 30 days after the amendment is made, deliver to the borrower a supplementary disclosure statement that meets the requirements of subsection (3).
187(3)A supplementary disclosure statement shall set out the information that, as a result of the amendment to the high-cost credit agreement, is changed from the initial disclosure statement but is not required to repeat any information that is unchanged from the initial disclosure statement.
187(4)If an amendment consists only of a revision to the schedule of payments, a supplementary disclosure statement is not required to state any change in the APR or any decrease in the total cost of credit or total payments.
Disclosure regarding renewal of a high-cost credit agreement
188If a high-cost credit agreement is renewed, the high-cost credit grantor shall deliver to the borrower on or before the effective date of the renewed agreement a disclosure statement containing the following information:
(a) the effective date of the renewed agreement;
(b) the outstanding balance as of the effective date of the renewed agreement;
(c) the nature and amount of any non-interest finance charges that are payable in connection with the renewed agreement;
(d) the term of the renewed agreement;
(e) the relevant interest rate information referred to in paragraph 184(1)(h) or (i);
(f) the APR;
(g) the amount and timing of all payments to be made in connection with the renewed agreement;
(h) the total of all payments to be made in connection with the renewed agreement;
(i) the total cost of credit;
(j) the amortization period; and
(k) a statement of the conditions, if any, under which the borrower may make prepayments and any charge for prepayment.
Division H
Open Credit
Application
189This Division applies to high-cost credit agreements for open credit.
Advertising for open credit
190A high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that an advertisement that is published by or on behalf of the high-cost credit grantor and that gives any specific information about the cost of open credit states
(a) the current annual interest rate for the open credit, and
(b) any initial or periodic non-interest finance charges for the open credit.
Advertising interest-free periods
191(1)A high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that an advertisement that is published by or on behalf of the high-cost credit grantor and that states or implies that no interest is payable for a certain period in respect of a transaction under a high-cost credit agreement states whether
(a) the transaction is unconditionally interest free during the period, or
(b) interest accrues during the period but will be forgiven under certain conditions.
191(2)If interest accrues during the period but will be forgiven under certain conditions, the high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that the advertisement also states
(a) the conditions, and
(b) the annual interest rate for the period, assuming the conditions are not met.
191(3)An advertisement referred to in subsection (1) that does not contain the information required to be disclosed under paragraph (1)(b) and subsection (2) shall be deemed to represent that the transaction is unconditionally interest free during the relevant period.
Initial disclosure statement for open credit
192(1)A high-cost credit grantor shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for a high-cost credit agreement contains the following information:
(a) the effective date of the statement;
(b) the credit limit;
(c) the minimum periodic payment or the method of determining the minimum periodic payment;
(d) the initial annual interest rate and the compounding period;
(e) if the annual interest rate may change, the method of determining the annual interest rate at any time;
(f) the date on which interest begins to accrue on advances or different types of advances and the details of any grace period;
(g) the nature and amount, or the method of determining the amount, of any non-interest finance charges that may become payable by the borrower in connection with the high-cost credit agreement;
(h) the nature, amount and timing of charges for any optional services purchased by the borrower that are payable to or through the high-cost credit grantor and the conditions under which the borrower may terminate the services;
(i) a description of the subject matter of any security interest;
(j) the nature of any default charge provided for by the high-cost credit agreement;
(k) how often the borrower will receive statements of account; and
(l) a telephone number in accordance with subsection 193(3).
192(2)A high-cost credit grantor does not contravene subsection (1) by reason only of failing to ensure that the credit limit referred to in paragraph (1)(b) is contained in the initial disclosure statement if the high-cost credit grantor ensures that the credit limit is disclosed
(a) in the first statement of account delivered to the borrower, or
(b) in a separate statement delivered to the borrower on or before the date on which the borrower receives the first statement of account.
192(3)A high-cost credit grantor does not contravene subsection (1) by reason only of failing to ensure that information that relates to a specific transaction under the high-cost credit agreement or that information referred to in paragraph (1)(h) about optional services is contained in the initial disclosure statement if the high-cost credit grantor ensures that the information is disclosed in a separate document delivered to the borrower before the transaction occurs or the optional services are provided.
Statements of account
193(1)Subject to subsection (2), the high-cost credit grantor shall deliver to the borrower, at least monthly, a statement of account that contains the following information:
(a) the period covered by the statement, which shall run from the date of the first advance or, if a statement of account has been delivered under this section, from the date of the statement of account most recently delivered to the borrower;
(b) the outstanding balance at the beginning of the period covered by the statement;
(c) the amount, description and posting date of each transaction or charge added to the outstanding balance during the period covered by the statement;
(d) the amount and posting date of each payment or credit subtracted from the outstanding balance during the period covered by the statement;
(e) the annual interest rate or rates in effect during the period covered by the statement or any part of the period;
(f) the total of all amounts added to the outstanding balance during the period covered by the statement;
(g) the total of all amounts subtracted from the outstanding balance during the period covered by the statement;
(h) the outstanding balance at the end of the period covered by the statement;
(i) the credit limit;
(j) the minimum payment;
(k) the due date for payment;
(l) the amount that the borrower must pay on or before the due date in order to take advantage of a grace period;
(m) the borrower’s rights and obligations regarding the correction of billing errors;
(n) a telephone number in accordance with subsection (3); and
(o) any other information prescribed by regulation.
193(2)A high-cost credit grantor is not required to send a statement of account to a borrower at the end of any period during which there has been no advance or payment if
(a) the outstanding balance at the end of the period is zero, or
(b) the borrower is in default under the high-cost credit agreement and the high-cost credit grantor has
(i) demanded payment of the outstanding balance, and
(ii) notified the borrower that the privilege of obtaining advances under the high-cost credit agreement has been cancelled or suspended due to the default.
193(3)The high-cost credit grantor shall, for the purposes of paragraphs (1)(n) and 192(1)(l),
(a) provide a telephone number that the borrower can call to obtain information about the borrower’s account during the high-cost credit grantor’s normal business hours without incurring any charges for the call, and
(b) ensure that the information is available at the telephone number during those hours.
193(4)A transaction is sufficiently described for the purposes of paragraph (1)(c) if the description in the statement of account, along with any transaction record included with the statement of account or made available to the borrower at the time of the transaction, can reasonably be expected to enable the borrower to verify the transaction.
Credit card may only be issued on application
194A credit card issuer shall not issue, deliver or cause to be delivered a credit card to an individual who has not applied for the card unless the credit card that is issued to the individual is to replace or renew a credit card that was applied for and issued to that individual.
Application for credit card
195(1)A credit card issuer shall ensure that the application form for a credit card contains the following information respecting the high-cost credit agreement in relation to the credit card:
(a) if the interest rate under the high-cost credit agreement is not a floating rate, the annual interest rate;
(b) if the interest rate under the high-cost credit agreement is a floating rate, the index rate and the relationship between the index rate and the annual interest rate;
(c) the details of any grace period;
(d) the nature and amount of any non-interest finance charges that are payable or may become payable by the credit card holder; and
(e) the date as of which the information referred to in paragraphs (a) to (d) is current.
195(2)A credit card issuer does not contravene subsection (1) by reason only of failing to ensure that the application form contains the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) if the application form states a telephone number that the individual may call during the credit card issuer’s normal business hours, without incurring any charges for the call, to obtain the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) and the credit card issuer ensures that
(a) the categories of the information available at the telephone number for the purposes of this subsection appear on the application form, and
(b) the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) is available at the telephone number during the credit card issuer’s normal business hours.
195(3)If a credit card issuer communicates directly with an individual, whether in person or by mail, telephone or electronic means, for the purpose of inviting the individual to apply for a credit card, the credit card issuer shall disclose in the communication the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e).
195(4)A credit card issuer does not contravene subsection (3) by reason only of failing to disclose the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) if, in the communication, the credit card issuer discloses a telephone number that the individual may call during the credit card issuer’s normal business hours, without incurring any charges for the call, to obtain the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) and the credit card issuer ensures that
(a) the categories of the information available at the telephone number for the purposes of this subsection are disclosed to the individual in the communication, and
(b) the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) is available at the telephone number during the credit card issuer’s normal business hours.
195(5)Despite subsections (2) and (4), if an individual applies for a credit card in person, by telephone or by electronic means, the credit card issuer shall disclose the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) when the individual makes the application.
195(6)An individual who applies for a credit card without signing an application form shall be deemed, on using the credit card for the first time, to have entered into a high-cost credit agreement in relation to the credit card.
195(7)Nothing in this section relieves the credit card issuer of the requirement to deliver an initial disclosure statement referred to in sections 157, 192 and 196.
Additional disclosure for credit card
196(1)In addition to the information required to be disclosed under section 192,
(a) a credit card issuer shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for a high-cost credit agreement in relation to a credit card states the credit card holder’s maximum liability for unauthorized use of the credit card if the credit card is lost or stolen, and
(b) if a credit card holder is required under the high-cost credit agreement to pay the outstanding balance on receiving each statement of account, a credit card issuer shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for the high-cost credit agreement in relation to the credit card states
(i) that the outstanding balance is payable on receipt of each statement of account,
(ii) the period after receipt of a statement of account within which the credit card holder must pay the outstanding balance in order to avoid being in default under the agreement, and
(iii) the annual interest rate that will apply to any amount that is not paid when due.
196(2)The credit card issuer shall notify the credit card holder of any change in the information disclosed in the initial disclosure statement for the high-cost credit agreement in relation to the credit card,
(a) in the case of any of the following changes, in the next statement of account following the change or in a document that is given to the credit card holder with the next statement of account:
(i) a change in the credit limit;
(ii) a decrease in the interest rate or the amount of any other charge;
(iii) an increase in the length of an interest-free period or grace period; or
(iv) a change in a floating rate, or
(b) in the case of any other change, at least 30 days before the date that the change takes effect.
Liability of credit card holder
197(1)A credit card holder who has, orally or in writing, reported a lost or stolen credit card, or the unauthorized use of the credit card or credit card number, to the credit card issuer is not liable for any debt incurred through the use of that credit card or credit card number after the credit card issuer receives the report of the loss, theft or unauthorized use.
197(2)The maximum total liability of a credit card holder arising from the unauthorized use of a lost or stolen credit card before the credit card issuer receives notice under subsection (1) is the lesser of
(a) $50, and
(b) the maximum amount set by the high-cost credit agreement in relation to the credit card.
197(3)Subsection (2) does not apply to the use of a credit card together with a personal identification number at an automated teller machine or ATM.
Division I
Lease of Goods
Definitions
198The following definitions apply in this Division.
“assumed residual payment” means,(versement résiduel présumé)
(a) in the case of an option lease under which the option price at the end of the term is less than the estimated residual value, the option price, and
(b) in any other case, the sum of the estimated residual value and of any amount that the lessee will be required to pay in the ordinary course of events at the end of the term.
“capitalized amount” means the amount calculated by(montant capitalisé)
(a) adding
(i) the cash value of the leased goods, and
(ii) the amount of any other advances made to the lessee at or before the beginning of the term, and
(b) subtracting from the amount calculated under paragraph (a) the total amount of all payments made by the lessee at or before the beginning of the term, other than
(i) any refundable security deposit, or
(ii) any periodic payment.
“estimated residual cash payment” means the amount that the lessee will be required to pay to the lessor at the end of the term of a residual obligation lease if the realizable value of the leased goods at the end of the term equals their estimated residual value.(versement résiduel estimatif en espèces)
“estimated residual value” means the lessor’s reasonable estimate of the wholesale value of the leased goods at the end of the term as estimated by the lessor at the time the lease was entered into. (valeur résiduelle estimative)
“implicit finance charge” means the amount calculated, subject to the conditions and assumptions contained in the regulations, by(frais de financement implicites)
(a) adding
(i) all non-refundable payments required to be made by the lessee at or before the beginning of, or during, the term of the lease, and
(ii) the assumed residual payment, and
(b) subtracting from the amount calculated under paragraph (a) the total amount of the advances received by the lessee.
“option lease” means a lease that gives the lessee the right to acquire title to or retain permanent possession of the leased goods by making a payment in addition to the payments required under the lease or by satisfying other specified conditions. (bail avec option)
“option price” means the amount of the additional payment that the lessee must make in order to exercise the option under an option lease. (prix de l’option)
“realizable value” , in relation to leased goods, means the actual value of the leased goods at the end of the term as calculated in accordance with the regulations. (valeur marchande)
“residual obligation lease” means a lease under which the lessee will be required at the end of the term to pay the lessor an amount based wholly or partly on the difference, if any, between the estimated residual value and the realizable value of the leased goods. (bail à obligation résiduelle)
“total lease cost” means the total of any non-refundable payments that the lessee will be required to make in the ordinary course of events. (coût total du bail)
Advertisement for lease
199(1)A lessor shall ensure that an advertisement that is published by or on behalf of the lessor and that gives specific information about the cost of a lease contains the following information respecting the lease:
(a) that the transaction is a lease;
(b) the term of the lease;
(c) the nature and amount of any payments that are payable by a lessee at or before the beginning of the term of the lease;
(d) the amount, timing and number of the periodic payments;
(e) the nature and amount of any other payments that are payable by a lessee in the ordinary course of events;
(f) the APR; and
(g) the limitations, if any, imposed in accordance with the regulations regarding extra charges that may be charged based on usage of the leased goods.
199(2)Despite subsection (1), a lessor shall ensure than an advertisement on radio, television, a billboard or another medium with similar time or space limitations that gives any specific information about the cost of a lease
(a) contains the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (d) and (f), or
(b) contains the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(a), (c) and (d) and states
(i) a telephone number at which the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(b) and (f) is available during the lessor’s normal business hours and may be obtained without incurring any charges for the call, or
(ii) a reference to a written publication having general circulation in the area and containing the information referred to in paragraphs (1)(b) and (f).
199(3)If any of the information required to be disclosed under subsection (1) would not be the same for all leases to which the advertisement relates, the lessor shall ensure that the information is for a representative transaction and is identified as being for a representative transaction.
199(4)For the purposes of subsection (3), a transaction is a representative transaction if its terms are typical of the terms of the leases to which the advertisement relates.
Initial disclosure statement for lease
200(1)A lessor shall ensure that the initial disclosure statement for a lease contains the following information:
(a) the effective date of the statement;
(b) that the transaction is a lease;
(c) a description of the leased goods;
(d) the term of the lease;
(e) the cash value of the leased goods;
(f) the nature and amount of any other advance received, and of each charge incurred, by the lessee in connection with the lease at or before the beginning of the term of the lease;
(g) the nature and amount of each payment made by the lessee at or before the beginning of the term of the lease;
(h) the capitalized amount;
(i) the amount, timing and number of the periodic payments;
(j) the estimated residual value of the leased goods;
(k) for an option lease,
(i) how and when the option may be exercised,
(ii) the option price if the option is exercised at the end of the term of the lease, and
(iii) the method of determining the option price if the option is exercised before the end of the term of the lease;
(l) for a residual obligation lease,
(i) the estimated residual cash payment, and
(ii) a statement that the lessee’s maximum liability at the end of the term of the lease is the sum of
(A) the estimated residual cash payment, and
(B) the estimated residual value less the realizable value of the leased goods;
(m) the circumstances, if any, under which the lessee or the lessor may terminate the lease before the end of the term of the lease and the amount, or the method of determining the amount, of any payment that the lessee will be required to make on early termination of the lease;
(n) if there are circumstances under which the lessee will be required to make a payment in connection with the lease and if that payment is not required to be disclosed under paragraphs (a) to (m),
(i) the circumstances, and
(ii) the amount of the payment or the method of determining the amount;
(o) the implicit finance charge;
(p) the APR; and
(q) the total lease cost.
200(2)The circumstances referred to in paragraph (1)(n) include unreasonable wear or excess use of the leased goods.
Disclosure regarding amendment
201(1)If a lease is amended, the lessor shall, within 30 days after the amendment is made, deliver to the lessee a supplementary disclosure statement that meets the requirements of subsection (2).
201(2)A supplementary disclosure statement referred to in subsection (1) shall set out the information that, as a result of the amendment to the lease, is changed from the initial disclosure statement but is not required repeat any information that is unchanged from the initial disclosure statement.
201(3)If an amendment consists only of a revision to the schedule of payments, a supplementary disclosure statement referred to in subsection (1) is not required to state any change in the APR or any decrease in the implicit finance charge or the total lease cost.
Maximum liability under residual obligation lease
202The lessee’s maximum liability at the end of the term of a residual obligation lease after returning the leased goods to the lessor shall be calculated in accordance with the regulations.
Division J
General
Provision of information
203A high-cost credit grantor or a lessor shall provide to the Director the information or documents prescribed by regulation at the times prescribed by regulation and in the form determined by the Director.
Late fees
204A high-cost credit grantor or a lessor that provides a document or information to the Director after the time required by the regulations referred to in section 203 shall pay the late fee prescribed by regulation.
Minimum working capital
205If the Director considers it appropriate to do so, the Director may require a high-cost credit grantor or a lessor to maintain the minimum working capital prescribed by regulation.
Joint liability
206If a high-cost credit product is arranged by one high-cost credit grantor or lessor and provided by another high-cost credit grantor or lessor, both high-cost credit grantors or lessors, as the case may be, are jointly and severally liable
(a) to the borrower or to the lessee, as the case may be, for any amount to be refunded or reimbursed to the borrower or the lessee under this Part or the regulations relating to this Part, and
(b) to comply with any other requirements set out in this Part or the regulations relating to this Part.
Assignees
207An assignee of a high-cost credit grantor’s rights under a high-cost credit agreement or a lessor’s rights under a lease that is a high-cost credit product has no greater rights than the assignor and takes subject to any defence that the borrower or lessee would have had against the assignor.
Recommendations to Minister
208The Commission may make recommendations to the Minister on matters in respect of high-cost credit products and high-cost credit grantors and lessors.
8
PAYDAY LOANS
Division A
Definitions, Interpretation and Application
Definitions
209The following definitions apply in this Part.
“APR” means the APR as defined in Part 6. (TAP)
“borrower” means an individual who has entered into, or who is negotiating to enter into, a payday loan agreement for personal, family or household purposes who receives or will receive credit from a payday lender, but does not include a guarantor.(emprunteur)
“cash card” means a card or other device other than a credit card that(carte porte-monnaie électronique)
(a) can be used to obtain cash or acquire goods or services, and
(b) is issued by a payday lender to a borrower instead of advancing cash or transferring money to the borrower or to the order of the borrower.
“Internet payday loan” means a payday loan under a payday loan agreement between a borrower and a payday lender that is formed by Internet communications.(prêt sur salaire par Internet)
“optional service” means a service that is offered to a borrower in connection with a payday loan agreement and that the borrower does not have to accept in order to enter into the payday loan agreement.(service facultatif)
“payday lender” means a credit grantor who offers, arranges or provides a payday loan. (prêteur sur salaire)
“payday loan” means a loan of money(prêt sur salaire)
(a) with a principal of no more than $1,500,
(b) with a term that is no longer than 62 days, and
(c) that is made in exchange for a post-dated cheque, a pre-authorized debit or a future payment of a similar nature but not for any guarantee, suretyship, overdraft protection or security on property and not through a margin loan, pawnbroking, a line of credit or a credit card.
“payday loan agreement” means a credit agreement in relation to a payday loan.(convention de prêt sur salaire)
“rollover” means(reconduction)
(a) the extension or renewal of a payday loan that imposes additional fees or charges on the borrower, other than interest, or
(b) the advancement of a new payday loan to pay out an existing payday loan.
“term” means, in relation to the duration of a payday loan, the period between the first advance and the last payment anticipated by the payday loan agreement.(durée)
“third party service charge” means, in relation to a cash card, any fee, rate, commission, charge or other amount that is charged or required by a person who is not the payday lender, or that is paid to that person, for use of the cash card.(frais de services offerts par un tiers)
“total cost of credit” means the amount determined by calculating, subject to the conditions and assumptions contained in the regulations and disregarding the possibility of prepayment or default, the difference between(coût total du crédit)
(a) the value given or to be given, within the meaning of subsection 210(3), by the borrower in connection with a payday loan agreement, and
(b) the value received or to be received, within the meaning of subsection 210(1), by the borrower in connection with a payday loan agreement.
“wages” includes salary and periodic payments in respect of loss of future income or loss of earning capacity.(salaire)
Value received and value given
210(1)Subject to subsection (2), the following constitute value received or to be received by a borrower in connection with a payday loan agreement:
(a) money transferred or to be transferred by the payday lender to the borrower or to the order of the borrower; and
(b) any other thing prescribed by regulation.
210(2)The following do not constitute value received or to be received by a borrower in connection with a payday loan agreement unless they relate to an optional service or to a thing prescribed for the purposes of paragraph (1)(b):
(a) insurance provided or paid for or to be provided or paid for by the payday lender in connection with the payday loan agreement;
(b) money paid or to be paid, an expense incurred or to be incurred or anything done or to be done by the payday lender for the purpose of arranging, documenting, securing or administering the payday loan agreement; and
(c) any other thing prescribed by regulation.
210(3)The following constitute value given or to be given by a borrower in connection with a payday loan agreement:
(a) money transferred or to be transferred from the borrower to the payday lender for any purpose in connection with the payday loan agreement;
(b) money transferred or to be transferred from the borrower to a person other than the payday lender in respect of a charge for services that the payday lender requires the borrower to obtain or pay for in connection with the payday loan agreement, unless it is for an expense for which the regulations under paragraph (1)(b) would have applied if the expense had been incurred initially by the payday lender and then charged by the payday lender to the borrower; and
(c) any other thing prescribed by regulation.
Statement of purpose for entering payday loan agreement
211A person may rely on a statement made by an individual in a payday loan agreement or other document regarding the purpose for which the individual has entered into or is to enter into a payday loan agreement if
(a) the statement is signed by the individual, and
(b) the person believes in good faith that the statement is true.
Application
212(1)Subject to subsection (2), this Part applies to
(a) a payday loan offered, arranged or provided by a payday lender that carries on business in the Province,
(b) a payday loan offered to, arranged for or provided to a borrower who is resident in the Province, and
(c) a payday loan agreement in which the offer or acceptance is made in or is sent from within the Province.
212(2)This Part does not apply to financial products or services regulated under
(a) the Loan and Trust Companies Act,
(b) the Credit Unions Act, or
(c) any other Act prescribed by regulation.
Division B
Licensing
Licence required
213(1)No person shall offer, arrange or provide a payday loan from a location except under the authority of a valid payday lender licence issued under Part 12 to the person or the person’s employer for that location.
213(2)No person shall offer, arrange or provide an Internet payday loan from a location that is a website to a borrower in the Province except under the authority of a valid payday lender licence issued under Part 12 to that person or the person’s employer that specifies that the person or employer may offer, arrange or provide Internet payday loans from that website.
213(3)For greater certainty, a person who wishes to offer, arrange or provide a payday loan or an Internet payday loan from more than one location shall hold a separate valid payday lender licence issued under Part 12 for each location.
Division C
Payday Loan Agreements, Disclosure Requirements and Rights of Borrowers
Payday loan agreements
214(1)A payday lender shall ensure that the terms of a payday loan are included in a written payday loan agreement that is signed and dated by the borrower.
214(2)A payday lender shall ensure that the payday loan agreement includes all the following terms, information and statements:
(a) the payday lender’s name and any business name used by the payday lender;
(b) the payday lender’s business address and, if different, the payday lender’s mailing address;
(c) the payday lender’s licence number, telephone number and, if the payday lender has a fax number or email address, that fax number and email address;
(d) the borrower’s name;
(e) the date the payday loan agreement was entered into;
(f) the date on which the first advance will be made to the borrower or to the order of the borrower;
(g) the date or dates on which any other advances will be made to the borrower or to the order of the borrower;
(h) the principal of the payday loan;
(i) the term of the payday loan;
(j) with respect to each advance referred to in paragraphs (f) and (g), the amount of cash to be advanced to the borrower or the amount of money to be transferred to the borrower or to the order of the borrower;
(k) the amount of credit available on a cash card issued to the borrower;
(l) if a cash card issued to the borrower has an expiry date, that expiry date;
(m) the total cost of credit and the APR;
(n) the rate of interest that applies, together with a statement of the total amount of interest that is payable under the agreement;
(o) each of the fees, penalties, rates, commissions or charges regulated under this Part or the regulations relating to this Part that apply, together with a statement of the amount of each of those fees, penalties, rates, commissions or charges;
(p) the amount and timing of any payments to be made by the borrower;
(q) a statement that the payday loan is a high-cost loan;
(r) a statement of the borrower’s rights of cancellation under section 218, setting out how those rights can be exercised and identifying the time within which the borrower can exercise them;
(s) a statement of the remedies available to the borrower under subsection 224(2), 227(2) or (3) or 230(2);
(t) if a cash card is to be issued to the borrower, a statement identifying that third party service charges may apply for use of the cash card; and
(u) any other term, information or statement prescribed by regulation.
214(3)The payday lender shall ensure that the terms, information and statements required under subsection (2) are written in a clear and understandable manner.
214(4)A payday lender may base information required by subsection (2) to be included in a payday loan agreement on an estimate or assumption if
(a) the information required to be included depends on other information that is not ascertainable by the payday lender at the time the payday loan agreement is entered into, and
(b) the estimate or assumption is reasonable and is clearly identified as an estimate or assumption.
214(5)Before the borrower signs the payday loan agreement, the payday lender shall review with the borrower the matters described in paragraphs (2)(m) and (r) and require that the borrower initial each provision of the agreement that deals with those matters.
214(6)The payday lender shall give the borrower a copy of the payday loan agreement at the time it is signed by the borrower, together with a notice of cancellation, containing the information prescribed by regulation and in a form approved by the Director, which may be used by the borrower for the purposes of subsection 218(3).
Guidelines
215(1)To assist payday lenders in developing payday loan agreements that are clear and understandable, the Commission may issue guidelines about the form of those agreements.
215(2)The Regulations Act does not apply to guidelines issued under subsection (1).
Disclosure in advertisements
216If a payday lender who publishes an advertisement or on whose behalf an advertisement is published is, as a result of disclosing certain information in the advertisement, required under this Part to include additional information in the advertisement, the payday lender shall ensure that,
(a) the additional information is disclosed prominently,
(b) if the additional information is the APR, the APR is disclosed at least as prominently as is the information that necessitated the inclusion of the APR, and
(c) if the additional information is the annual interest rate, the annual interest rate is disclosed at least as prominently as is the information that necessitated the inclusion of the annual interest rate.
Advertising for fixed credit
217(1)This section applies in respect of advertisements that
(a) offer fixed credit, and
(b) state the interest rate or amount of any payment.
217(2)A payday lender shall ensure that an advertisement that is published by or on behalf of the payday lender states
(a) the APR, and
(b) the term of the payday loan agreement.
217(3)If any of the information required to be disclosed under subsection (2) would not be the same for all payday loan agreements to which the advertisement relates, the payday lender shall ensure that the information is for a representative transaction and is identified as being for a representative transaction.
217(4)For the purposes of subsection (3), a transaction is a representative transaction if its terms are typical of the terms of the payday loan agreements to which the advertisement relates.
Cancellation – payday loans
218(1)A borrower may cancel a payday loan within 48 hours, excluding Sundays and other holidays, after receiving the first advance or a cash card enabling the borrower to access funds under the loan.
218(2)In addition to having a cancellation right under subsection (1), a borrower may cancel a payday loan at any time, if
(a) the payday lender did not notify the borrower of the right under subsection (1) to cancel the loan,
(b) the notice of cancellation given to the borrower does not meet the requirements of subsection 214(6), or
(c) the payday lender did not hold a valid payday lender licence issued under Part 12 at the time the payday lender entered into the payday loan agreement with the borrower.
218(3)To cancel a payday loan under subsection (1) or (2), the borrower shall
(a) give written notice of the cancellation to the payday lender, and
(b) repay, by cash, certified cheque or money order or in a manner prescribed by regulation, the outstanding balance of all advances made, less any portion of the total cost of credit that was paid by or on behalf of the borrower or deducted or withheld from the advances.
218(4)For the purposes of paragraph (3)(b),
(a) if the first advance was made in the form of a cheque, a return of the unnegotiated cheque to the payday lender shall be considered a repayment of the first advance, and
(b) if the first advance was made in the form of a cash card that enabled the borrower to access funds under the payday loan, returning that card to the payday lender shall be considered a repayment of the first advance to the extent of the credit balance remaining on the card.
218(5)On the cancellation of a payday loan under this section,
(a) the payday lender shall immediately give the borrower a receipt, that is in a form approved by the Director containing the information prescribed by regulation, for the amount that the borrower paid or returned to the payday lender on cancelling the loan, and
(b) the payday lender shall immediately reimburse the borrower, in cash, for all amounts paid, and the value of any other consideration given, by or on behalf of the borrower in relation to the total cost of credit for the loan, less any amount deducted or withheld from the advances or from the repayment of them under paragraph (3)(b).
218(6)The cancellation of a payday loan under this section extinguishes every liability and obligation of the borrower under, or related to, the payday loan agreement.
218(7)No payday lender shall charge or require or accept the payment of, or arrange for or permit any other person to charge or to require or accept the payment of, any amount or consideration for, or as a consequence of, the cancellation of a payday loan under this section.
218(8)The cancellation rights under this section are in addition to, and do not affect, any other right or remedy the borrower has under the payday loan agreement or at law.
Cancellation – optional services
219(1)A borrower may cancel an optional service of a continuing nature that is provided by the payday lender or an associate of the payday lender by giving 30 days’ notice, or a shorter period of notice if it is provided for by the agreement under which the service is provided.
219(2)A borrower who cancels an optional service under subsection (1)
(a) is not liable for charges relating to any portion of the service that has not been provided at the time of cancellation, and
(b) is entitled to a refund of any amount already paid for those charges.
Prepayment
220(1)A borrower is entitled to prepay the outstanding balance of a payday loan agreement at any time without any prepayment charge or penalty.
220(2)If a borrower prepays the outstanding balance of a payday loan agreement for fixed credit, the payday lender shall refund or credit the borrower with a portion of any non-interest finance charge paid by the borrower or added to the outstanding balance.
220(3)The portion of each non-interest finance charge that shall be refunded or credited to the borrower under subsection (2) shall be calculated in accordance with the regulations.
220(4)A borrower is entitled, on any scheduled payment date or at least monthly, to prepay a portion of the outstanding balance of a payday loan agreement for fixed credit without any prepayment charge or penalty but, in that event, is not entitled to a refund or credit in respect of any non-interest finance charge.
Information to be posted
221(1)At each location at which the payday lender is licensed to offer, arrange or provide payday loans, the payday lender shall, in accordance with the regulations, prominently post signs that clearly and understandably set out, in the form required by the regulations,
(a) all components of the total cost of credit, including all fees, penalties, rates, commissions, charges, interest and other amounts and consideration for a representative payday loan transaction, and
(b) any other information required by the regulations.
221(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), a transaction is a representative payday loan transaction if its terms are typical of the terms of the payday loan agreements to which the advertisement relates.
221(3)For greater certainty, the requirement in subsection (1) applies with the necessary modifications to the posting of information at a location that is a website for which a payday lender is licensed to offer, arrange or provide Internet payday loans.
Division D
Cash Cards
Payout of balances on cash cards
222(1)In subsection (6), “delinquent borrower” means a borrower who fails to repay a payday loan by the end of the term of the payday loan.
222(2)If a payday lender issues a cash card to the borrower in respect of a payday loan, the borrower is entitled to be paid in cash the amount of the balance of credit remaining on the card in either of the following circumstances:
(a) the balance of credit remaining on the cash card is less than the amount prescribed by regulation; or
(b) the payday loan has been repaid by the borrower and the cash card has expired.
222(3)If a borrower is entitled under subsection (2) to be paid a balance of credit remaining on a cash card and returns the cash card to the payday lender, the payday lender shall pay the balance to the borrower, in cash, immediately on demand by the borrower or the Director.
222(4)On the return of a cash card by a borrower to a payday lender under this section, the payday lender shall immediately give the borrower a receipt for the cash card.
222(5)On the payment of an amount to a borrower under subsection (3), a payday lender shall
(a) include in the receipt given to the borrower under subsection (4) a statement of the amount paid, or
(b) immediately give the borrower a separate receipt indicating the amount paid.
222(6)The balance of credit remaining on an expired cash card issued to a delinquent borrower may, in accordance with the regulations, be applied by the payday lender as payment towards the payday loan.
Division E
Prohibited Practices and Remedies
Assisting unlicensed persons prohibited
223No payday lender shall assist or allow any other person to assist a person to offer, arrange or provide a payday loan or an Internet payday loan from a location, including a location that is a website, if the person does not hold a valid payday lender licence issued under Part 12 for that location.
Exceeding maximum total cost of credit prohibited
224(1)No payday lender shall, in relation to a payday loan, charge or require or accept the payment of, or arrange for or permit any other person to charge or to require or accept the payment of, any amount or consideration that would result in the total cost of credit, or any component of the total cost of credit, of the loan being greater than the maximum allowed by regulation.
224(2)If a payday lender contravenes subsection (1),
(a) the borrower is not liable for any amount charged in relation to the total cost of credit for the payday loan, and
(b) the payday lender shall reimburse the borrower, in cash, immediately on demand by the borrower or the Director, for the total of all amounts paid and the value of any other consideration given in respect of the borrower’s total cost of credit for the payday loan.
Taking security prohibited
225No payday lender shall, as security for the payment of a payday loan or the performance of an obligation under a payday loan agreement, require, take or accept, directly or indirectly,
(a) real or personal property,
(b) an interest in real or personal property, or
(c) a guarantee.
Tied selling prohibited
226No payday lender shall make a payday loan contingent on the purchase of insurance or other goods or services.
Rollovers prohibited
227(1)No payday lender shall grant a rollover.
227(2)If a payday lender contravenes subsection (1) by granting a rollover that is an extension or renewal of a payday loan,
(a) the borrower is not liable for any amount charged in relation to the total cost of credit for the payday loan, and
(b) the payday lender shall reimburse the borrower, in cash, immediately on demand by the borrower or the Director, for the total of all amounts paid and the value of any other consideration given in respect of the borrower’s total cost of credit for the payday loan.
227(3)If a payday lender contravenes subsection (1) by granting a rollover that is an advancement of a new payday loan to pay out an existing payday loan,
(a) the borrower is not liable for any amount charged in relation to the total cost of credit for the existing payday loan, and
(b) the payday lender shall reimburse the borrower, in cash, immediately on demand by the borrower or the Director, for the total of all amounts paid and the value of any other consideration given in respect of the borrower’s total cost of credit for the existing payday loan.
Concurrent payday loans prohibited
228No payday lender shall enter into a payday loan agreement with a borrower if
(a) the borrower has already entered into a payday loan agreement with the payday lender, and
(b) the payday loan agreement mentioned in paragraph (a) is still in effect.
Payday loans exceeding maximum credit prohibited
229No payday lender shall enter into a payday loan agreement with a borrower under which the amount of credit to be extended to the borrower is in excess of the maximum percentage allowed by regulation of the net wages or other net income that will be received by the borrower during the term of the payday loan.
Default penalties prohibited unless authorized by regulation
230(1)No payday lender shall, in relation to any default by the borrower under a payday loan, charge or require or accept the payment of, or arrange for or permit any other person to charge or to require or accept the payment of, any penalty or other amount unless authorized by regulation.
230(2)If a payday lender contravenes subsection (1),
(a) the borrower is not liable for any amount charged in relation to the borrower’s default under the payday loan, and
(b) the payday lender shall reimburse the borrower, in cash, immediately on demand by the borrower or the Director, for any amount paid by the borrower in respect of that default.
Assignment of wages prohibited
231(1)In this section, “assignment of wages” includes an order or direction by an employee to pay all or any part of their wages to another person.
231(2)An assignment of wages is not valid if it is given in consideration of a payday loan or an advance under a payday loan or to secure or facilitate a payment in relation to a payday loan.
231(3)No payday lender shall request or require a person to make an assignment of wages in relation to a payday loan.
Other prohibited practices
232No payday lender shall engage in any practice that is prohibited by regulation.
Division F
General
Provision of information
233A payday lender shall provide to the Director the information or documents prescribed by regulation at the times prescribed by regulation and in the form determined by the Director.
Late fees
234A payday lender that provides a document or information to the Director after the time required by the regulations referred to in section 233 shall pay the late fee prescribed by regulation.
Minimum working capital
235A payday lender shall, at all times, maintain the minimum working capital prescribed by regulation.
Joint liability
236If a payday loan is arranged by one payday lender and provided by another payday lender, both payday lenders are jointly and severally liable
(a) to the borrower for any amount to be refunded or reimbursed to the borrower under this Part or the regulations relating to this Part, and
(b) to comply with any other requirements set out in this Part or the regulations relating to this Part.
Recommendations to the Lieutenant-Governor in Council
237The Commission may make recommendations to the Lieutenant-Governor in Council regarding desirable changes in, or additions to, the regulations made under paragraph 359(1)(a), (b), (c) or (d).
Recommendations to Minister
238The Commission may make recommendations to the Minister on matters in respect of payday loans and payday lenders.
9
GOVERNMENT CHEQUE CASHING FEES
Government cheque cashing fees
239(1)The following definitions apply in this Part.
“government cheque” means a cheque, or other written order to pay, drawn on an account of (chèque du gouvernement)
(a) the Government of Canada,
(b) the Government of New Brunswick,
(c) a local government, or
(d) an organization prescribed by regulation.
“government cheque cashing fee” means a fee, rate, commission, charge or other amount or consideration charged, paid or given for cashing or negotiating a government cheque. (frais d’encaissement de chèque du gouvernement)
“local government” means a local government as defined in subsection 1(1) of the Local Governance Act.(gouvernement local)
“payer” means a person who pays or is charged or required to pay a government cheque cashing fee. (payeur)
239(2)No person shall charge or require or accept the payment of, or permit any other person to charge or to require or accept the payment of, a government cheque cashing fee unless authorized by regulation.
239(3)If a person contravenes subsection (2),
(a) the payer is not liable to pay the government cheque cashing fee or any part of it, and
(b) the person shall reimburse the payer, in cash, immediately on demand by the payer or the Director, for the total amount paid as a government cheque cashing fee and the value of any other consideration given.
10
COLLECTIONS AND DEBT SETTLEMENT SERVICES
Definitions
240The following definitions apply in this Part.
“collection agency” means a person, other than a collector, that, whether the head office of the collection agency is within or outside the Province,(agence de recouvrement)
(a) carries on the business of collecting debts for other persons in consideration of the payment of a commission on the amount collected or for other remuneration, or
(b) provides debt settlement services.
“collector” means a person employed, appointed or authorized by a collection agency to solicit business for the agency, to collect debts for the agency or to provide debt settlement services on behalf of the agency. (agent de recouvrement)
“debt settlement services” means the offering or undertaking to act for a debtor in arrangements or negotiations with the debtor’s creditors or the receiving of money from a debtor for distribution to the debtor’s creditors if the services are provided in consideration of a fee, commission or other remuneration that is payable by the debtor. (services de règlement de dettes)
“debt settlement services agreement” means an agreement under which a collection agency provides debt settlement services to a debtor.(convention de services de règlement de dettes)
“payment” means any compensation, however described, that a debtor is or will be required to pay a collection agency or any other person as a condition of entering into a debt settlement services agreement.(paiement)
Non-application
241This Part does not apply to
(a) a practising member of the Law Society of New Brunswick who carries on the business of a collection agency as part of the member’s law practice,
(b) persons licensed or acting under the Business Corporations Act, the Companies Act, the Judicature Act, the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) and the Winding-up and Restructuring Act (Canada) in respect of the provision of debt settlement services,
(c) an insurance agent licensed under the Insurance Act in respect of the collection of insurance premiums,
(d) a bank listed in Schedule 1 or 2 of the Bank Act (Canada) in respect of the business of the bank,
(e) a loan company or a trust company licensed under the Loan and Trust Companies Act in respect of the business of the company,
(f) a credit union incorporated under the Credit Unions Act in respect of business of the credit union, or
(g) a corporation that operates on a not-for-profit basis in respect of the business of the corporation.
Licence required
242(1)No person shall carry on the business of a collection agency that collects debts for other persons in consideration of the payment of a commission on the amount collected or for other remuneration, except under the authority of a valid collection agency licence issued to the person under Part 12.
242(2)No person shall operate a branch office of a collection agency that collects debts for other persons in consideration of the payment of a commission on the amount collected or for other remuneration, except under the authority of a valid collection agency branch licence issued to the person under Part 12.
242(3)No person shall carry on the business of a collection agency that provides debt settlement services except under the authority of a valid debt settlement services licence issued to the person under Part 12.
242(4)No person shall operate a branch office of a collection agency that provides debt settlement services except under the authority of a valid debt settlement services branch licence issued to the person under Part 12.
242(5)No person shall act as a collector except under the authority of a valid collector licence issued to the person under Part 12.
242(6)A person who holds a collector licence
(a) shall not act as a collector except when the person is a genuine agent of a collection agency,
(b) shall not act as a collection agency, and
(c) shall act as a collector only for the collection agency specified in the person’s collector licence.
Use of unlicensed collection agency prohibited
243No person shall employ a collection agency that does not have the licence required by section 242 or cause letters to be sent to or oral demands to be made on debtors or alleged debtors by a collection agency not having the licence referred to in that section.
Prohibited representations
244A collection agency or collector shall not communicate or cause to be communicated any representation relating to a debt settlement services agreement that is prohibited by regulation.
Requirements – debt settlement services agreement
245(1)No collection agency shall provide debt settlement services to a debtor and no collector shall provide those services to a debtor on behalf of a collection agency unless the agency has
(a) entered into a debt settlement services agreement with the debtor
(i) that is in writing,
(ii) that contains a clear and detailed explanation of the effect that the debt settlement services agreement will have on the debtor’s credit rating, and
(iii) that meets any requirements prescribed by regulation, and
(b) delivered a written copy of the debt settlement services agreement to the debtor.
245(2)No collection agency shall enter into more than one debt settlement services agreement with the same debtor while there is a debt settlement services agreement between the parties that has not expired.
Cancellation of debt settlement services agreement
246(1)A debtor who is a party to a debt settlement services agreement may, without any reason and without charge, cancel the agreement at any time within 10 days after receiving a written copy of the agreement.
246(2)In addition to the right under subsection (1), a debtor who is a party to a debt settlement services agreement may, without charge, cancel the agreement within one year after the date of entering into it if the debtor does not receive a written copy of the agreement.
246(3)The cancellation of a debt settlement services agreement under this section operates to cancel the agreement as if the agreement had never existed.
Notice of cancellation and obligations on cancellation
247(1)A debt settlement services agreement is cancelled under section 246 when the debtor gives a notice of cancellation in accordance with this section.
247(2)A debtor may give a notice of cancellation to a collection agency by
(a) personal service, or
(b) sending it to the collection agency by registered mail, prepaid courier, fax or any other method that permits the debtor to provide evidence of the cancellation.
247(3)A notice of cancellation that is given in accordance with paragraph (2)(b) shall be deemed to have been given when sent.
247(4)Subject to subsections (2) and (3), a notice of cancellation is adequate if it indicates the intention of the debtor to cancel the debt settlement services agreement.
247(5)If a debt settlement services agreement is cancelled under section 246, the collection agency shall refund the money received under the agreement to the debtor within 15 days after the notice of cancellation has been delivered or sent.
Restrictions on payments for debt settlement services
248(1)No collection agency or collector that provides debt settlement services shall require or accept any payment or any security for payment, directly or indirectly,
(a) in advance of providing the debt settlement services, unless it is permitted by regulation, or
(b) in excess of the maximum amount prescribed or determined in accordance with the regulations.
248(2)Every arrangement by which a collection agency or collector takes security in contravention of subsection (1) is void.
Prohibited activities
249(1)No collection agency or collector shall offer, pay or provide any gift, bonus, premium, reward or other compensation or benefit of any kind in order to induce a debtor to enter into a debt settlement services agreement.
249(2)No collection agency or collector shall lend money or provide credit to a debtor.
Refusal to accept settlement
250If a creditor of a debtor refuses to accept a settlement of the debtor’s debt proposed by a collection agency or collector, the collection agency or collector shall inform the debtor within 30 days after the refusal.
11
CREDIT REPORTING SERVICES
Division A
Definitions
Definitions
251The following definitions apply in this Part.
“consumer” means an individual who acts for personal, family or household purposes, and does not include a person who acts for business purposes.(consommateur)
“credit information” means information about a consumer’s name, age, occupation, place or places of residence, previous places of residence, marital status, spouse’s or common law partner’s name and age, number of dependants, particulars of education or professional qualifications, employers, previous employers, estimated income, paying habits, outstanding debt obligations, cost of living obligations and assets and about fines imposed on and restitution orders made against the consumer. (renseignements sur la solvabilité)
“credit repair” means goods or services that are intended to improve a credit report, credit information or file, including a credit record, credit history or credit rating.(redressement de crédit)
“credit repairer” means(redresseur de crédit)
(a) a supplier of credit repair, or
(b) a person who holds themselves out as a supplier of credit repair.
“credit report” means any release of information pertaining to a consumer by a credit reporting agency, whether in written, oral or other form.(rapport de solvabilité)
“credit reporting agency” means a person who, for gain or profit, provides credit reports or creates and maintains files from which credit reports are directly generated and provided.(agence d’évaluation du crédit)
“end-user” means a person who receives or uses a credit report from a credit reporting agency, but does not include a consumer to whom the credit report pertains.(utilisateur final)
“file” means all information pertaining to a consumer that is recorded and retained by a credit reporting agency, regardless of the manner, form or location in which the information is stored.(dossier)
Division B
Credit Reporting
Licence required
252(1)No person shall carry on business as a credit reporting agency except under the authority of a valid credit reporting agency licence issued to the person under Part 12.
252(2)No licence holder or former licence holder shall sell, lease or transfer title to its files except to a person who holds a valid credit reporting agency licence issued to the person under Part 12.
Information in the files of a credit reporting agency
253(1) No credit reporting agency and no officer or employee of a credit reporting agency shall knowingly provide any information from the files of the credit reporting agency to any person except
(a) in response to a warrant or order of a court having jurisdiction to issue the warrant or order,
(b) in response to an order or direction made under this Act,
(c) in a credit report pertaining to a consumer that is provided
(i) to an end-user who has obtained the consent of the consumer in accordance with section 255,
(ii) to a third party by an end-user who has obtained the consent of the consumer in accordance with section 255, or
(iii) to an end-user in accordance with subsection 261(5), or
(d) to the consumer to whom the information pertains, in accordance with section 260 or 261.
253(2)No person shall knowingly obtain any information from a consumer’s file held by a credit reporting agency except in the circumstances referred to in subsection (1).
253(3)Despite subsections (1) and (2), a credit reporting agency may provide identifying information respecting any consumer, limited to the consumer’s name, places of residence, former places of residence, employers and former employers to
(a) the Government of Canada,
(b) the government of a province or territory of Canada,
(c) the government of a municipality or local government in Canada,
(d) an agency of a government referred to in paragraph (a), (b), or (c), or
(e) a police officer or other peace officer acting in the course of the officer’s duties.
253(4)A credit reporting agency shall maintain in a consumer’s file all the information of which the consumer is entitled to disclosure under subsection 260(1).
Requirements – credit reports
254(1)A credit reporting agency shall adopt all procedures reasonable for ensuring accuracy and fairness in the contents of its credit reports.
254(2)A credit reporting agency shall not maintain in its files nor include in a credit report information about a consumer’s
(a) health or medical history, including information about a physical or mental disability, and
(b) gender identity or expression, sex, sexual orientation, political belief or activity, creed or religion, race, colour, ancestry or national origin.
254(3)A credit reporting agency shall not include any of the following information in a credit report:
(a) information regarding any debt of a consumer if it is more than six years after the date of the last payment on the debt, unless the creditor or the creditor’s agent confirms that the debt is not statute-barred and the confirmation appears in the consumer’s file;
(b) information regarding any debt of a consumer if no payment has been made and it is more than six years after the date on which the default in payment occurred, unless the creditor or the creditor’s agent confirms that the debt is not statute-barred and the confirmation appears in the consumer’s file;
(c) information regarding the payment or non-payment by a consumer of taxes or lawfully imposed fines or monetary penalties if it is more than six years after the date they were imposed by a government or government agency;
(d) information regarding a criminal charge against a consumer if
(i) the charge has been dismissed, set aside or withdrawn, or
(ii) an absolute discharge or conditional discharge has been granted;
(e) subject to paragraph (f), information regarding a consumer’s conviction for a crime if it is more than six years after the date of conviction or, if the conviction resulted in imprisonment, if it is more than six years after the date of release or parole;
(f) information regarding a consumer’s conviction for a crime if a pardon was granted or a record suspension was ordered and the pardon or record suspension remains in effect;
(g) information regarding a monetary judgment against a consumer, unless mention is made of
(i) the name of the judgment creditor,
(ii) the address of the judgment creditor or their agent on the date of entry of the judgment, if available, and
(iii) the amount;
(h) information regarding a monetary judgment against a consumer if it is more than six years after the judgment was given, unless paragraph (g) is complied with and the judgment creditor or their agent confirms that it remains unpaid in whole or in part and the confirmation appears in the consumer’s file;
(i) information regarding the bankruptcy of a consumer who has been bankrupt only once if
(i) the bankruptcy has been discharged, and
(ii) it is more than six years after the date of the discharge;
(j) information regarding the first bankruptcy of a consumer if
(i) the consumer has been bankrupt only twice,
(ii) both bankruptcies have been discharged, and
(iii) it is more than six years after the date of the discharge of the first bankruptcy;
(k) information regarding any other legal proceedings involving a consumer, unless the current status of the proceeding has been ascertained and is included in the credit report; and
(l) any other adverse item of information pertaining to a consumer if it is more than six years after the information was acquired or last reaffirmed.
254(4)A credit reporting agency shall not include any information in a credit report, unless
(a) the source of the information is included in the credit report,
(b) the source’s mailing address and telephone number are included in the credit report or can be readily ascertained by the consumer to whom the credit report pertains, and
(c) the source of the information and the source’s mailing address and telephone number are recorded in the consumer’s file.
Consent
255(1)An end-user who asks for a consumer’s consent to the release of a credit report pertaining to the consumer to the end-user shall inform the consumer about
(a) the purpose for obtaining the credit report and how it will be used,
(b) the purpose of the release if the consent permits the release of the credit report to a third party by the end-user,
(c) the date the consent is effective, and
(d) whe